Human osteoblasts response to different dental implant abutment materials: An in-vitro study |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Coupland 3 Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom;2. Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya;3. Restorative Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Libyan International Medical University, Benghazi, Libya;4. Prosthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan;5. Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, 3.106 Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate human osteoblasts (HOB) response towards different dental implant abutment materials.MethodsFive dental implant abutment materials were investigated: (1) titanium (Ti), (2) titanium coated nitride (TiN), (3) cobalt chromium (CoCr), (4) zirconia (ZrO?), and (5) modified polyether ether ketone (m-PEEK). HOBs were cultured, expanded, and seeded according to the supplier’s protocol (PromoCell, UK). Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity were evaluated at days 1, 3, 5, and 10 using Alamar Blue (alamarBlue) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) colorimetric assays. Data were analysed via two-way ANOVA, one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test (significance was determined as p < 0.05 for all tests).ResultsAll the investigated materials showed high and comparable initial proliferation activities apart from ZrO? (46.92%), with P% of 79.91%, 68.77%, 73.20%, and 65.46% for Ti, TiN, CoCr, and m-PEEK, respectively. At day 10, all materials exhibited comparable and lower P% than day 1 apart from TiN (70.90%) with P% of 30.22%, 40.64%, 37.27%, and 50.65% for Ti, CoCr, ZrO?, and m-PEEK, respectively. The cytotoxic effect of the investigated materials was generally low throughout the whole experiment. At day 10, the cytotoxicity % was 7.63%, 0.21%, 13.30%, 5.32%, 8.60% for Ti, TiN, CoCr, ZrO?, and m-PEEK. The Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Method highlighted significant material and time effects on cell proliferation and cytotoxicity, and a significant interaction (p < 0.0001) between the tested materials. Notably, TiN and m-PEEK showed improved HOB proliferation activity and cytotoxic levels than the other investigated materials. In addition, a non-significant negative correlation between viability and cytotoxicity was found for all tested materials. Ti (p = 0.07), TiN (p = 0.28), CoCr (p = 0.15), ZrO? (p = 0.17), and m-PEEK (p = 0.12).SignificanceAll the investigated materials showed excellent biocompatibility properties with more promising results for the newly introduced TiN and m-PEEK as alternatives to the traditionally used dental implant and abutment materials. |
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| Keywords: | Dental implant materials Titanium Titanium nitride Cobalt chromium Zirconia Polyether ether ketone Modified polyether ether ketone Human osteoblasts Cell proliferation Cytotoxicity |
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