Sexual and Reproductive Health Assessment in a Group of Female Renal Transplant Recipients |
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| Institution: | 1. Nephrology Department, Coimbra University Hospital Center, Coimbra, Portugal;2. Nephrology University Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal;3. Urology Department, Coimbra University Hospital Center, Coimbra, Portugal;4. Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.;1. Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil;2. Department of Liver Transplantation, Instituto de Cardiologia do Distrito Federal (ICDF), Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil;3. Department of Liver Transplantation, Hospital Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil;1. Faculty of Medical Sciences, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;2. University Hospital of the Faculty of Medical Science, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;3. IMUNOLAB – Laboratory of Histocompatibility, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;4. Institute of Research and Education of the Hospital Santa Casa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;1. Nephrology Department, Coimbra University Hospital Center, Coimbra, Portugal;2. Nephrology Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal;3. University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal;4. Centro de Histocompatibilidade do Centro, Instituto Português do Sangue e Transplantação, Coimbra, Portugal;5. Urology Department, Coimbra University Hospital Center, Coimbra, Portugal;6. Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal;1. Liver Transplant Division, Federal District Cardiology Institute, Brasilia, Brazil;2. General Surgery Division, Doutor Celio de Castro Metropolitan Hospital, Belo Horizonte, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundFertility and sexual health are impaired in individuals with chronic kidney disease and can be restored after a successful renal transplant. This is a single-center prospective study about the sexual and reproductive health (including contraceptive methods and gynecologic cancer screening) in renal transplant recipients.MethodsFemale renal transplant recipients, aged 18 to 49 years at transplant, were interviewed about their gynecologic history, sexual health, and use of contraceptive methods.ResultsNinety-one patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The majority of women maintained menstrual cycles during dialysis therapy, being almost 60% of the women in an irregular rhythm. Pregnancies were reported for 51 women, 20% after transplant, and associated with low-weight newborns. The incidence of spontaneous abortion was 12.5%. Thirty-one patients were denied contraceptive methods due to the vasectomy of the partner (n = 16) or the belief that they would not become pregnant (n = 15). The most common contraceptive method was a condom, and the use of an intrauterine device was rare. Gynecologic assessment and cancer screening were out-of-date in almost one-third of patients.ConclusionsIn this study, the majority of women were from low-income areas and had low levels of education. Despite access to public universal health care, adherence to yearly screening tests and use of contraceptive methods were lower than expected. |
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