星形胶质细胞转分化为神经元的研究进展

近年来， 转分化技术在干细胞和再生学领域迅速发展， 具有较大的研究价值。研究发现， 随着转分化诱导条件的成熟， 可以改变其他细胞的谱系来获得神经元。并且， 星形胶质细胞 （As） 广泛分布于中枢神经系统的灰质和白质中， 其过度增生会形成胶质纤维瘢痕， 是阻碍神经功能恢复的关键。因此， As 转分化为神经元成为目前研究的热点。As 的转分化既可以阻止胶质瘢痕的形成， 又能获得新的神经元。本文就 As 的功能及其转分化为神经元的相关研究进行综述。

Research progress of transforming astrocytes into neurons

In recent years, the rapid development of stem cell transforming technology and regeneration pose great research value. With maturation of transformation induction, other cell lineages were shown to be able to transform into neurons. In addition, astrocytes are widely distributed in the gray and white matter of the central nervous system, whose excessive proliferation contribute to glial fibrillary scar formation, which is the key obstacle in recovery of neurological function. Therefore, the study of transforming astrocytes into neurons draw attention from many scientists. Astrocytes transformation not only prevent the formation of glial scar, but also generate new neurons. This article summarized relevant studies that report function of astrocytes and its transformation into neurons.