内蒙古巴音查干地区大沙鼠寄生蚤某些生态习性的调查研究

1980年9月至1981年8月,在内蒙古巴盟西部荒漠地区,对大沙鼠寄生蚤的种属组成和某些生态习性进行了系统地调查研究。在调查区内从大沙鼠体及其洞干和巢中,搜集各种蚤类11种,计11755只,其中簇鬃客蚤是大沙鼠的主要寄生蚤,占全部检出蚤的84.51％。大沙鼠和其他啮齿动物间蚤类的交换也比较普遍。4～10月份是大沙鼠体蚤和洞干蚤的高峰季节,此期间染蚤率接近100％。簇鬃客蚤跳跃力较强,雌蚤平均跳远8.43cm,最远达16cm,平均跳高6.34cm,最高达11 cm。无论跳远和跳高,两性均无显著差异。在温暖季节,大沙鼠洞口和周围地面均有大量的游离蚤出现。

STUDY OF SOME ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF FLEAS ON RHOMBOMYS OPIMUS IN BAINGCHAGAN PART OF THE INNER MONGOLIA AUTONOMOUS REGION

Over the period from September 1980 to August 1981 , a systematic investigation of both the composition of the genus and species and some ecological characters of fleas on Rhombomys opimus was carried out in the desert areas west of Bayannaoer district of the Inner Mogolia. 11755 ectoparasites, which consisted of 11 species, were collected from this animal species and its burrows and nests, Xenopsylla skrijabini predominating in these species (84.51%). Flea exchange between great gerbil and other rodents also occurred frequently. During the season April-October, flea indices on great gerbil and in its burrows reached their peaks, with infestation rate close to 100%. It was found that X.skrijibini had relatively strong jump ability, female fleas jumping, on an average, over 8.43cm in long jump, with maximum 16cm, and up to 6.34cm in high jump, with maximum 11cm. Both sexes showed no significant differences in both long and high jump. At the warm seasons, a great number of free fleas occurred in the entrances of the burrows and on the neighbouring ground.