尿培养病原菌分布及耐药性监测

目的 对近3年来尿培养病原菌的分布和耐药性进行分析,为临床提供诊断和治疗依据.方法 用VITEK-32全自动微生物分析系统进行病原菌鉴定和药敏实验.结果 3 018份尿培养标本中共分离出病原菌1 080株,阳性率为35.8%,其中革兰阴性菌占67.5%,居前三位的是大肠埃希菌(37.6%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(8.2%)和铜绿假单胞菌(6.2%);革兰阳性菌占20.2%,居前三位的是表皮葡萄球菌(7.5%)、粪肠球菌(4.7%)和屎肠球菌(2.8%);真菌占12.3%.3年共分离出大肠埃希菌430株,居首位,其产超广谱β内酰胺酶(ESBL)的菌株有30%.结论 尿培养的病原菌主要为大肠埃希菌,但多重耐药的细菌和真菌的分离率呈上升的趋势.

Pathogens identified in urine culture and drug-resistance monitoring

Objective To investigate pathogens and their drug-resistance in urine culture performed in our hospital in the recent 3 years in order to provide information for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods Pathogen identification and susceptibility were examined with VITEK-32 automatic microorganism analysis system.Results A total of 1080 isolates were obtained from 3018 urine cultures,the positive rate was 35.8%.Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 67.5%,the top three Gram-negative bacteria were Escherichia coli（E.coli）（37.6%）,Klebsiella pneumoniae（8.2%） and Pseudomonas aeruginosa（6.2%）;Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 20.2%,the top three Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus epidermidis（7.5%）,Enterococcus faecalis（4.7%） and Enterococcus feces（2.8%）.Fungus accounted for 12.3%.Of 1080 isolates,the most was E.coli（430 isolates） and ESBL-producing E.coli accounted for 30%.Conclusion The main pathogen isolated from urine culture is E.coli,the isolation rate of multiple-resistant bacteria and fungus shows the trend of increasing.