重症监护室鲍曼不动杆菌感染及耐药情况的分析

目的分析重症监护室鲍曼不动杆菌的感染和对抗菌药物的耐药情况,为临床控制感染提供依据。方法对2010年12月间重症监护室的12名患者的痰标本以及环境、空气和污染物品,包括呼吸机、医务人员手部卫生进行细菌培养和药敏试验,分析鲍曼不动杆菌感染和耐药情况。结果 10例患者痰标本中检出鲍曼不动杆菌,监护室的床头柜、床单、呼吸机中的水、办公室的电话机等均检出鲍曼不动杆菌。检出的鲍曼不动杆菌对多数抗生素耐药,对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦敏感性高。结论下呼吸道是鲍曼不动杆菌感染的常见部位。重症监护室环境中存在鲍曼不动杆菌污染,导致其暴发流行。应加强消毒隔离制度,控制鲍曼不动杆菌在重症监护室的感染和流行。

Survey on the situation of infection and drug resistance of A.baumannii in intensive care units

Objectives To survey the situation of infection and drug resistance of A. baumannii in patients of intensive care units （ICU） in order to offer reference for controlling nosocomial infection. Methods By using bacterial culture and drug sensitivity testing, the results of sputa in 12 patients and surface such as environment in ICU, medical equipment, and hands of medical staffs were studied in December 2010. The infectious pathway and drug susceptivity were analyzed. Results Acinetobacter baumanii had been isolated from sputa of 10 patients and sheets, patient＇s bedside cupboard, water in medical equipment, telephone in ICU. The drug resistant rates of this kind of bacteria to most antibacterials such as fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, imipenem, et al were high, and it was sensitive to cefoperazone/sulbaetam. Conclusion The lower respiratory tract was the most common site for infection in ICU. The standard measures for prevention should be strengthened in order to control the nosocomial infection caused by Acinetobacter baumanii.