广泛性焦虑症状的特点及其影响因素

目的:考察大学生广泛性焦虑症状的特点及其影响因素。方法:采用宾州忧虑问卷、艾森克人格问卷简式量表、对不确定性的忍受力问卷、元担忧问卷对1135名大学生进行调查。结果:①大学生宾州忧虑问卷均分为2.54±0.64,男性焦虑总分显著低于女性;独生子女焦虑总分显著低于非独生子女;不同家庭经济状况大学生在在焦虑总分上存在显著差异。②路径分析表明:神经质、不确定性所带来的压力、元担忧频率对宾州忧虑问卷总分有直接效应,同时,神经质还通过不确定性所带来的压力、元担忧频率对宾州忧虑问卷总分起到间接效应。对宾州忧虑问卷总分影响由大到小依次是:神经质、不确定性所带来的压力和元担忧频率。结论:①大学生的广泛性焦虑症状处在中等水平,女生的广泛性焦虑症状高于男生,非独生子女的广泛性焦虑症状显著高于独生子女,家庭经济状况越差则广泛性焦虑症状也越高。②神经质对广泛性焦虑症状既有直接作用,又通过不确定性所带来的压力和元担忧频率起一定的间接作用。

Features of the Generalized Anxiety Symptoms and Their Influencing Factors

Objective: To explore the features of the generalized anxiety symptoms in university students and their influencing factors.Methods: The Penn State Worry Questionnaire,Meta-worry Questionnaire,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-revised and Intolerance of Uncertainty Questionnaire were used to investigate the generalized anxiety symptoms and their influencing factors in 1135 undergraduates.Results: Path analysis showed that neuroticism had the most important direct effect on the generalized anxiety symptoms,and also had indirect effect on the generalized anxiety symptoms through uncertainty-caused stress and meta-worry frequency.Conclusion: The influencing factors were neuroticism,uncertainty-caused stress and meta-worry frequency ordinally.And neuroticism also had indirect effect on generalized anxiety symptoms through uncertainty-caused stress and meta-worry frequency.