季节及气象因素对广州市花都区上消化道出血患者发病的影响

目的 探讨上消化道出血(upper gastrointestinal bleeding,UGIB)患者发病住院的季节分布特点及其与气象因素的关系。方法 收集广州市某三甲医院2010－2017年确诊为UGIB的2 589例住院患者的临床资料、入院日期及同期的气象资料,进行统计分析,比较季节间UGIB住院人次的差异,并分析各气象因素与UGIB住院人次的关系。结果 2010－2017年UGIB的住院人次高峰值均分布在冬春季节;Spearman 双变量相关分析显示UGIB住院人次与月平均气温关联最强(r=-0.518,P＜0.001),人体舒适度指数次之(r=-0.510,P＜0.001),再次是月平均气压(r=0.369,P＜0.001)和月平均风速(r=0.308,P=0.002),而月平均日温差(r=0.043,P=0.660)和月平均相对湿度(r=-0.030,P=0.773)与 UGIB无显著关联。多元逐步回归结果表明月平均气温是UGIB住院人次的独立影响因素。舒适度指数绝对值越小,UGIB月住院人次越多。结论 UGIB患者发病住院与季节及气象因子密切相关,冬春季节是预防的重点。

Influence of seasonal and meteorological factors on the incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Huadu District of Guangzhou City

Objective To study the seasonal distribution characteristic of hospitalization in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) and its relationship with meteorological factors. Methods We collected and statistically analyzed the clinical data and date of admissionof 2,589 inpatients diagnosed with UGIB in a grade A tertiary hospital in Guangzhou City from 2010 to 2017 and simultaneous meteorological data. The differences in the number of UGIB inpatients among different seasons were compared, and the relationship betweeneach meteorological factor andthe number ofUGIB inpatients was analyzed. Results The peak number of UGIB hospitalization in 2010-2017 was distributed in winter and spring. Spearman bivariate correlation analysis revealed that the number of UGIB inpatients was most relevant to monthly average temperature (r=-0.518, P<0.001), followed by human comfort index (r=-0.510, P<0.001), monthly mean air pressure (r=0.369, P<0.001) and monthly average wind speed (r=0.308, P=0.002). But no significant correlation was found between the number of UGIB inpatients and monthly mean daily temperature difference (r=0.043, P=0.660), monthly mean relative humidity (r=-0.030, P=0.773). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis indicated that monthly average temperature was an independent factor influencing the number of UGIB inpatients. The lower the absolute value of human comfort index, the larger the number of UGIB inpatients. Conclusions Hospitalization of UGIB patients is closely related to seasonal and meteorological factors, and winter and spring are the key periods for preventing UGIB.