彰武和凤城地区伤害死亡特征及疾病负担分析

目的 了解2017年辽宁省彰武县和凤城市(县级市)伤害死亡情况及疾病负担,为农村居民制定伤害预防控制策略和措施提供参考。 方法 收集2017年彰武和凤城地区居民的全死因死亡数据和人口学资料,采用死亡率、标化死亡率、死因顺位、早死所致寿命损失年(years of life Lost,YLL)和平均潜在减寿年数(average potential years of life lost,AYLL)等指标,用SPSS 22.0进行统计分析。 结果 2017年辽宁省彰武和凤城地区伤害死亡率为54.02/10万(标化死亡率为44.69/10万),占总死亡的6.36%,居全死因顺位第3位。男性死亡率为80.40/10万(标化死亡率为66.29/10万),女性死亡率为27.12/10万(标化死亡率为22.26/10万),男性高于女性(χ²=126.24,P＜0.001)。伤害死亡前五位原因中交通事故标化死亡率最高,为23.15/10万。伤害死亡导致的AYLL为17.35年。男性伤害死亡的YLL(6 917人年)大于女性(2 087人年)。不同伤害死亡原因的YLL以交通事故(5 052年)最大 ,总体YLL率随年龄的增长呈现先下降,后上升,然后再下降的趋势,不同年龄段男性的YLL率均大于女性。 结论 伤害是2017年彰武和凤城地区居民的主要死亡原因之一,对男性和老年人群的危害比其他人群更大。交通事故既是伤害的首位死因,也是造成疾病负担的首位原因。有关部门应对重点人群采取针对性的预防和控制措施,以降低伤害造成的损失。

Characteristics and disease burden of injury deathsin Zhangwu and Fengcheng areas

Objective To investigate the death condition and disease burden of injuries in Zhangwu county and Fengcheng city(county-level city),Liaoning province in 2017, and to provide a basis for formulating strategies and measures to prevent and control injuries in rural residents. Methods All-cause mortality data and demographic data in Zhangwu and Fengcheng areas in 2017 were collected, and then SPSS20.0 software was used to statistically analyze the indicators like the mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, sequence of death causes, years of life lost (YLL) and average potential years of life lost (AYLL). Results The mortality rate of injuries in Zhangwu and Fengcheng areas in 2017 was 54.02/100,000 (with the standardized mortality rate being 44.69/100,000). Injury deaths accounted for 6.36% of the total death cases and ranked the third among all causes of deaths. The male mortality rate was 80.40/100,000 (with the standardized mortality rate being 66.29/100,000), while the female mortality rate was 27.12/100,000 (with the standardized mortality rate being 22.26/100,000). The injury mortality rate was higher in male residents than in female ones (χ²=126.24, P<0.001). Traffic accident death rate (23.15/100,000) was the highest among the top five causes of injury death. The AYLL caused by injury death was 17.35. The YLL induced by injury death in the male (6,917 person-years) was higher than that in the female (2,087 person-years). Among different causes of injury death, the YLL of traffic accident was the longest (5,052 years). The overall YLL rate showed a tendency to decrease at first, then increase, and last decrease again with the increasing age. The YLL rates of males with different ages were all higher than those of females. Conclusions Injury was one of the major causes of deaths in residents in Zhangwu and Fengcheng areas in 2017, and its hazard was higher in men and the elderly than in other groups. Traffic accident was the first cause of injuries as well as the first reason of disease burden. Relevant departments should take targeted preventive and control measures among the key populations so as to reduce the injury-induced loss.