陕西省HIV/AIDS患者接受抗病毒治疗后病毒载量结果及其影响因素分析

目的分析陕西省艾滋病病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者/艾滋病(acquired immune deficiency syndrome,AIDS)患者(以下简称为HIV/AIDS患者)接受抗病毒治疗后病毒载量结果及相关影响因素。方法对接受抗病毒治疗六个月以上的1 046例HIV/AIDS患者进行病毒载量检测,结合病例流行病学资料分析病毒载量结果及其影响因素。结果 1 046例HIV/AIDS患者中,≥1 000 copies/ml占9.6%(100/1 046),50～999 copies/ml占9.1%(95/1 046),<50 copies/ml占25.4%(266/1 046),TND(未检出病毒)占55.9%(585/1 046)。单因素分析显示病毒载量结果<1 000 copies/ml与≥1 000 copies/ml HIV/AIDS患者在民族(P<0.05)、教育程度(χ~2=10.901,P<0.05)、感染途径(χ~2=14.286,P<0.05)变量上差异有统计学意义。多因素分析显示教育程度大专及以上是病毒载量≥1 000 copies/ml的保护因素(OR=0.344,95%CI:0.121～0.979),HIV感染途径中注射吸毒是病毒载量≥1 000 copies/ml的危险因素(OR=5.237,95%CI:1.272～21.556)。结论陕西省HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗效果较好,但需要提高患者治疗依从性,减少病毒抑制失败。

HIV viral load after receiving antiretroviral therapy and its influencing factors in HIV/AIDS patients in Shaanxi Province

Objective To analyze the results of HIV viral load after receiving antiretroviral therapy and related influencing factors in HIV infectors/AIDS patients (hereinafter to be referred as HIV/AIDS patients) in Shaanxi Province. Methods The viral load of HIV was detected in 1,046 HIV/AIDS patients who underwent antiretroviral therapy for more than six months, and the viral load results and related influencing factors were analyzed combined with their epidemiological data. Results Among the 1,046 HIV/AIDS patients, patients with HIV viral load ≥ 1,000 copies/ml, 50-999 copies/ml and ＜50 copies/ml and patients reported as TND (target not detected) accounted for 9.6% (100/1,046), 9.1% (95/1,046), 25.4% (266/1,046) and 55.9% (585/1,046) respectively. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the ethnic group (P<0.05), educational background (χ²=10.901, P<0.05), route of infection (χ²=14.286, P<0.05) between the group of HIV viral load < 1,000 copies/ml and the group of HIV viral load ≥ 1,000 copies/ml. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that college and above educational background was the protective factor for viral load ≥ 1,000 copies/ml (OR=0.344, 95%CI:0.121-0.979), while injection drug use was the risk factor for viral load ≥1,000 copies/ml (OR=5.237, 95%CI:1.272-21.556). Conclusions Antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS patients in Shaanxi Province is characterized with good clinical effect, but it is still necessary to improve the patients’ treatment compliance and reduce the virus suppression failure.