Nutrition in Trauma and Critically Ill Patients |
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Authors: | Bellal Joseph Julie L Wynne Stanley J Dudrick Rifat Latifi MD FACS |
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Institution: | (1) Clinical Fellow, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;(2) Assistant Professor, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;(3) Professor, Departments of Critical Care Medicine and Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; |
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Abstract: | Despite significant improvements in the practice of metabolic support of critically ill patients in recent years, malnutrition
continues to be common among surgical patients, adding significantly to complications, infections, length of stay, costs,
and increased mortality. Furthermore, hypercatabolism is the major metabolic response after major trauma and emergency surgery,
making this patient population a unique subgroup of critically ill patients vulnerable to further decline in nutritional status.
Many questions have already been answered, such as whether critically ill patients should be fed, when they should be fed,
and how nutrients should be delivered. What is not entirely clear is what we should feed critically ill patients at different
phases of specific diseases and disorders, as well as whether or not we should enhance and/or modulate patients’ immunity. |
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