高血压病患者中医体质分类及与心血管危险因素的相关研究

目的对高血压病患者进行体质分类,并比较不同体质类型的心血管危险因素的相关性。方法以社区人群抽样调查,采用中医体质分类标准评定和以心血管危险因素判断。结果被调查的高血压病患者623例,按中医体质分类标准分为腻滞质345例（55.4%）,燥红质138例（22.2%）,倦？质36例（5.8%）,正常质104例（16.7%）。按照心血管危险因素分层,中危和高危人群占97.7%,在这些中危和高危的患者中腻滞质患者明显多于其他体质类型的患者,差异有统计学意义（P=0.013）;心血管危险因素分析,腻滞质高血压患者年龄偏大、吸烟和血脂异常比例明显高于其他体质类型的患者,差异有统计学意义（P分别为0.001、0.003、0.016）。结论原发性高血压患者是以腻滞质和燥红质两种体质类型为主要特征,中医临床的辨证分型是从两种体质基础上发展而成的,体质类型决定了证型;腻滞质的高血压患者比其他体质类型的高血压患者心血管危险因素更高,进行早期干预更为重要。

Correlation of Constitutional Classification of Chinese Medicine with Cardiovascular Risk Profiles in Hypertensive Patients

Objective To study the correlation of constitutional classification of Chinese medicine with cardiovascular risk profiles in hypertensive patients.Methods Based on sampling survey of community population,the constitution of Chinese medicine were assessed and the cardiovascular disease risk profiles were analyzed.A total of 623 essential hypertensive patients were investigated.Results The percentage of Nizhi type was 55.4%,Zaohong type was 22.2%,Juanhuang type was 5.8%,and normality type was 16.7%.Based on the cardiovascular disease risk profiles,patients at intermediate and high risk was 97.7%.Patients with Nizhi type were more than other subgroups（P=0.013）.Based on analysis of cardiovascular disease risk profiles,patients with Nizhi type were older（P=0.001）,and had higher proportions of smoking（P=0.003） and dyslipidemia（P=0.016） than that in others.Conclusion Essential hypertensive patients had two major constitutions,Nizhi type and Zaohong type.Hypertensive patients with Nizhi type had more cardiovascular disease risk profiles than patients with other subtypes.