胫后动脉皮支筋膜皮瓣的解剖及临床应用

目的 为小腿内侧筋膜皮瓣的临床应用提供解剖学依据，并经临床应用验证其实用价值。方法 采用２０侧成人下肢标本，分别从股动脉和肌间隙皮动脉灌注红色乳胶和墨汁后，解剖观测胫后动脉在不腿内侧发出的是隙皮动脉的数目、行程、管径、高度及分布范围。结果胫后动脉在小腿上、中、下、＝３段均发出数量不等的肌间隙皮动脉，每个皮动脉有１～２条静脉伴行。以皮动脉为蒂设计小腿内侧顺行或逆行筋膜皮瓣可修复小腿和足部的软组织缺

ANATOMICAL STUDY AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF FLAPS BASED ON CUTANEOUS BRANCHES ARISING FROM POSTERIOR TIBIAL VESSELS

Objective To provide an anatomical basis for the clinical applications of the medial fascinocutaneous flap of calf and to verify its clinical value.Methods In 20 lower limb specimens of adult human cadavers, the number, course, size, position and distribution of septocutaneous branches of the posterior tibial vessels are marked by means of red latex and black ink irrigations through femur artery and septocutaneous branches of the posterior tibial artery respectively.Results The posterior tibial artery gives off several septocutaneous branches at the upper, middle and lower one third of the leg respectively. Each septocutaneous artery has one or sometimes two concomitant veins. Based on this result, anterograde or reverse pedicled fasciocutaneous flap can be performed for the purpose of repairing soft tissue defects of leg and foot. The flap was clinically applied to treat leg and foot soft tissue defects in 12 cases with satisfactory results.Conclusion The flap is easy to dissect, the posterior tibial artery can be preserved with high successful rate. Therefore, it offers an useful alternative in the repairing and reconstruction of nonextensive soft tissue defects in the leg and foot.