免疫应答异常与中枢神经系统退变性疾病

免疫功能异常参与了中枢神经系统退变性疾病的发生。中枢免疫功能异常主要为小胶质细胞异常激活。激活的小胶质细胞可形成活性中间代谢产物、一氧化氮、促炎因子等细胞毒性物质。发病率最高的两种中枢神经系统退变性疾病阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer′s disease,AD)和帕鑫森病（Parkinson′s disease,PD)的发生都与免疫功能异常密切相关。由于免疫功能异常特别是小胶质细胞激活普遍存在于中枢神经系统退变性疾病过程中，调节小胶质细胞功能的药物可能会具有神经保护作用，延迟甚至阻止神经元变性。

Abnormal immune response and degenerative diseases of central nervous system

Immune responses may play an active role in the pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Activated microglia can secrete neurotoxic factors, such as active oxygen intermediates, nitric oxide and proinflammatoy cytokines. The uncontrolled production of proinflammatory cytokines may cause the damage. AD and PD are the common age related neurodegenerative diseases. Immune response may be involved in the neurodegeneration in AD or PD. The deleterious effects of microglial activation probably represent a common event associated with neurodegeration. It highlighted potential targets for therapeutic leads, such as inhibition of cytokine production, cytokines binding to their receptors, and cytokines intracellular signaling pathways.