大块骨缺损的修复研究现状及进展

大块骨缺损的修复治疗一直是骨科领域的难点和热点问题,传统的自体骨移植、异体骨移植、人工替代物置入及骨延长术等修复技术虽都已在临床得以应用,但仍然存在许多问题需要解决针对这些问题和不足,近年又有了不少改进,如新的取骨技术、新的复合材料、纳米人工骨等的出现以及组合式外固定架的应用。另一方面,组织工程和基因工程技术得以飞速发展,体外预购的组织工程活骨很可能成为大段骨缺损较理想的修复方式。本文拟就这方面研究的现状及进展予以综述。

Research Status Quo and Progress on the Repair of Massive Bone Defects

The repair and treatment for massive bone defects have been always a difficulty and hot question in orthopedics. Although traditional repair techniques such as autograft, allograft, artificial bone substitution and bone transport have been widely applieated in elinie, there still existed many problems needing to be solved. Concerning about these problems and deficiency, some improvement has been made in recent years, such as the emergence of new technology for bone graft obtaining, the appearing of new composite materials and nano artificial bone as well as the applieation of hybrid external fixation. On the other hand, tissue and gene engineering teehnology have developed very quickly, tissue engineered bone prefabricated in vitro is likely to become an ideal repair method for massive bone defeets. This article reviews the research status quo and progress about this respect.