基于主动召回的全血献血者人口学特征建立东莞地区招募策略的探讨

目的通过对主动召回的全血献血者的人口学特征进行分析,为本地区制定高效的招募策略,解决季节性、结构性和紧急性供血紧张问题提供科学参考依据。方法分析2019年1月~2020年6月通过主动召回并成功献血的21 934名全血献血者在年龄、性别、户籍、职业、血型、文化程度、献血次数、献血地点和召回方式的特征规律,探讨建立本地区的招募策略。结果主动召回的献血者的年龄在36~45岁的占39.79%,男性占69.61%,外地户籍占70.49%,学历为初中至高中的献血者合计占62.96%,职业为普通员工的占36.57%,献血量400 mL的占56.87%,O型血的比例达42.18%,献血2~5次的献血者合计占70.27%,松山湖片区献血者人数最多(23.46%),水乡片区最少(3.26%),通过短信召回的献血者占76.42%。结论在制定本地区招募策略时,首选36~45岁,献血2~5次,曾献血400 mL,初中、中专或高中学历的外地户籍男性普通员工,重点招募区域为松山湖片区、主城区、滨海片区和东南临深片区,并根据不同的招募规模和紧急程度选择不同的召回方式。

Recruitment strategy for whole blood donors in Dongguan area: based on demographic characteristics of donors respond to donation appointments

Objective To analyze the demographic characteristics of whole blood donors who responded to blood donation initiatives launched by our blood center, so as to formulate an efficient recruitment strategy and provide scientific reference for solving seasonal, structural and acute blood supply tensions in this region. Methods Such characteristics as age, gender, household registration, occupation, blood type, education level, number of blood donations, blood donation location and recruitment method of 21 934 whole blood donors who responded to donation appointments issued by our blood center during January 2019 to June 2020 were analyzed, and the corresponding recruitment strategy in this region was established. Results 39.79% of respondents were 36~45 years old, 69.61% were males, 70.49% were non-local permanent residents, and 62.96% were with education background from junior high school to high school. Workers accounted for 36.57%, 400 mL-donation accounted for 56.87%, the percentage of blood type O reached 42.18%, and blood donors with 2~5 donations accounted for 70.27%. The proportion of blood donors from Songshan Lake area(23.46%) ranked the highest, and that from Shuixiang area the lowest(3.26%). 76.42% of donation recruitment were issued via SMS. Conclusion Blood donors 36~45 years old, with 2~5 donations, donated 400 mL blood, non-local registered male, ordinary employees with the education level of junior high school, technical secondary school or high school should firstly be considered. The targeted areas are the Songshan Lake area, the main urban area coastal areas and southeastern Dongguan near Shenzhen.The corresponding recruitment strategies should be adjusted based on needs and emergency level.