青春期子宫内膜异位症43例临床分析

目的探讨青春期子宫内膜异位症的临床特征、诊断和治疗方法。方法对1990～2003年中山大学附属第一、二、三医院及广东省人民医院收治的43例青春期子宫内膜异位症患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果青春期子宫内膜异位症患者诊断时,距离初潮年龄平均间隔时间为4．6年,发病距离就诊时间平均为1年。就诊时的主要症状为盆腔包块18例,占42％;痛经15例,占35％;慢性腹痛10例,占23％;急性腹痛4例,占9％。根据1985年美国生育协会修订的子宫内膜异位症分期(ASF-r)标准,23例(53％)为Ⅲ期,8例(19％)为Ⅰ期,3例(7％)为Ⅱ期,9例(21％)为Ⅳ期。其中9例伴有生殖道畸形,占21％;12例(28％)患者进行了腹腔镜诊断和治疗。结论青春期子宫内膜异位症多发生于初潮后的5年内,主要症状为盆腔包块和痛经。青春期子宫内膜异位症患者的临床症状与成年人相似,腹腔镜是子宫内膜异位症的确诊手段,手术仍是其主要治疗手段。

Diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis in adolescents

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical feature, diagnosis and treatment options of adolescent endometriosis. METHODS: The records of adolescent patients with endometriosis (11-20 years old) who were admitted to First, Second and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhongshan University and Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital between 1990 and 2003 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Forty-three patients were diagnosed as endometriosis either by laparotomy or laparoscopy. The chief symptoms leading to the diagnosis were palpable pelvic mass (18/43), dysmenorrhea (15/43), chronic pelvic mass (10/43) and acute pelvic pain (4/43). The majority of patients (53%) presented with the revised AFS-r classification stage III, 8 cases (19%) presented with stage I, 3 cases (7%) with stage II and 9 cases (21%) with stage IV. Nine cases (21%) had complicated genital tract abnormalities. Conservative operations, including salpingo-oophorectomy ins cases, ovarian cystectomy in 31 cases and laparoscopic vaporization in 8 cases, were performed. Surgeries were followed by hormonal suppression using oral contraceptives in a continuous or cyclic manner. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent endometriosis may occur around 4.6 years after menarche. The chief symptoms are palpable pelvic mass and dysmenorrhea. The treatment of endometriosis in adolescence does not differ principally from that in adult women. In the treatment of endometriosis and for the prevention of recurrence, it is recommended to give 3-6 months of oral contraceptives.