北京地区食物特异性IgG抗体检测分析的研究

目的:对北京地区疑似食物不耐受患者血清中的食物特异性IgG抗体水平进行检测分析,为患者剔除饮食中引起疾病的食物提供依据。方法:采用数据回顾性分析对2015年10月至2019年12月期间在北京积水潭医院就诊的疑似慢性食物不耐受患者2 368例(均为北京常驻人口),其中男性859例,女性1 509例;年龄范围2个月至90岁,(40.2±18.6)岁,中位数年龄36岁。采用酶联免疫吸附分析法(ELISA)检测患者血清中14种食物(牛肉、鸡肉、猪肉、鳕鱼、虾、蟹、鸡蛋、牛奶、玉米、小麦、蘑菇、大豆、西红柿和大米)特异性IgG(sIgG)抗体浓度。用SPSS V22.0进行统计分析,采用χ 2对各分组的阳性率进行比较。 结果:2 368例患者食物sIgG 检出率为82.7%(1 959/2 368),鸡蛋(54.7%)、虾(29.0%)和牛奶(26.0%)sIgG阳性率较高,猪肉(4.1%)和牛肉(1.2%)sIgG阳性率最低( P<0.05)。鸡蛋(χ² =10.885)和虾(χ² =6.607)sIgG存在性别差异,女性明显高于男性( P<0.05)。鸡蛋(χ² =515.645)、虾(χ² =74.20.4)、牛奶(χ² =305.65)、大豆(χ² =39.413)、小麦(χ² =133.222)、鳕鱼(χ² =25.540)、蟹(χ² =55.521)、玉米(χ² =20.645)、西红柿(χ² =118.108)、鸡肉(χ² =32.821)、猪肉(χ² =26.539)、牛肉(χ² =21.632)和大米(χ² =25.335)sIgG阳性率在不同年龄段存在显著差异( P<0.05),其中虾和蟹sIgG阳性率随着年龄的增长而升高;西红柿sIgG阳性率先是随年龄增长而降低,到了45岁以后又略有上升;而鸡蛋、牛奶、大豆、小麦、玉米和大米表现出的规律均是随着年龄的增长,阳性率下降。鸡肉、猪肉和鳕鱼则表现为儿童期先增高,随着年龄增长逐渐降低,进入中老年后又有所上升。 结论:北京地区食物不耐受与IgG抗体水平升高可能存在一定的关联性,建议不同性别和年龄的患者根据自身特点有针对性地进行膳食结构的优化调整,儿童患者仍是食物不耐受应重点控制的人群。

Detection and analysis of serum food-specific IgG antibody in Beijing area

Objective The level of food specific IgG antibody in serum of patients with suspected food intolerance in Beijing area was detected and analyzed,so as to provide a basis for patients to eliminate the food that causes disease in their diet.Methods Data were retrospectively analyzed in a total of 2368 suspected chronic food intolerance patients(all resident population in Beijing)admitted to Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from October 2015 to December 2019,including 859 males and 1509 females.The age range ranged from 2 months to 90 years,(40.2±18.6)years,and the median age was 36 years.Serum specific IgG(sIgG)antibody concentrations in 14 kinds of food(beef,chicken,pork,cod,shrimp,crab,egg,milk,corn,wheat,mushroom,soybean,tomato and rice)were determined by enzym-linked immunosorbentassay(ELISA).SPSS V22.0 was used for statistical analysis,andχ²was used to compare the positive rate of each group.Results The positive rate of food sIgG in 2368 patients was 82.7%(1959/2368),the higher sIgG positive rates were found in eggs(54.7%),shrimp(29.0%)and milk(26.0%),and the lowest sIgG positive rates were found in pork(4.1%)and beef(1.2%)(P<0.05).There was significant gender difference in egg(χ²=10.885)and shrimp(χ²=6.607)sIgG,and female was significantly higher than male(P<0.05).The sIgG positive rates of egg(χ²=515.645),shrimp(χ²=74.20.4),milk(χ²=305.65),soybean(χ²=39.413),wheat(χ²=133.222),cod(χ²=25.540),crab(χ²=55.521),corn(χ²=20.645),tomato(χ²=118.108),chicken(χ²=32.821),pork(χ²=26.539),beef(χ²=21.632)and rice(χ²=25.335)were significant in different age groups.The positive rate of shrimp and crab sIgG increased with age(P<0.05).The positive rate of tomato sIgG decreased with age,and then increased slightly after 45 years.However,egg,milk,soybean,wheat,corn,and rice all showed a decreasing positive rate with the increase of age.The increase of chicken,pork and cod was observed in childhood,and then decreased with age,and then increased in middle and old age.Conclusions There may be a certain correlation between food intolerance and elevated food sIgG levels in Beijing area.It is suggested that patients of different genders and ages should be optimized and adjusted according to their own characteristics,and children patients are still the key population for food intolerance control.