A型肉毒素在皮肤科的应用

A型肉毒素是由肉毒梭状芽胞杆菌在其繁殖过程中产生的细菌外毒素,可抑制神经末梢乙酰胆碱的释放,使肌肉松弛,在整形外科、神经内科、眼科等多个科室均有应用。随着医学实践及科研实验的不断深入,发现A型肉毒素还具有抑制纤维细胞增生、阻止支配汗腺的神经末梢释放乙酰胆碱、阻断相关疼痛介质的释放或传导及抑制炎性神经递质等作用,在防疤、止汗、止痛、抗瘙痒、减少皮脂腺分泌等方面均有一定的疗效。基于此,文章从美容医疗及疾病治疗两方面分析A型肉毒素在皮肤科的应用。

Application of Botulinum toxin type A in dermatology

Botulinum toxin type A is an exotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum during its reproduction.It can inhibit the release of the acetylcholine at the presynaptic neuromuscular junction,so the muscles can be relaxed.Botulinum toxin A has been used in plastic surgery,neurology,ophthalmology and other departments.With the deepening of medical practice and scientific research,people have found other functions of botulinum toxin A(For example,inhibit the proliferation of fibroblasts,inhibit the release of acetylcholine from nerve terminals of the innervating’s sweat glands,Block the release or conduction of associated pain mediators,inhibit inflammatory neurotransmitters).Botulinum toxin A can prevent scar,stop perspiration,relieve pain,reduce pruritus,reduce sebaceous gland secretion and so on.This article reviews the application of Botulinum toxin type A in dermatology from the aspects of cosmetic treatment and disease treatment.