不同产地阳春砂及其混伪品的微性状鉴定

目的:对不同产地阳春砂及其混伪品进行鉴定。方法:采用微性状鉴定方法,得到阳春砂道地产区阳春砂、国内市售阳春砂及其混伪品共9批样品不同部位的微性状特征图;将特征图进行数字化提取,用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计学分析。结果:市售阳春砂Amomum villosum Lour.主要来自广东、广西、云南、福建等地;收集到的阳春砂混伪品包括绿壳砂A.villosum Lour.var.xanthioides T.L.Wu et Senjen、红壳砂仁A.aurantiacum H.T.Tsai et S.W.Zhao和豆蔻属的其他砂仁种,分别来自云南西双版纳、老挝、缅甸等地。显微镜下观察到不同产地阳春砂及其混伪品的的外表面微性状特征(如外果皮颜色、皮刺、非腺毛、内果皮颜色、内果皮油点等)差异明显,且果实宽度、内果皮油点直径等微性状特征值的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:微性状鉴定方法得到的不同产地阳春砂及其混伪品微性状特征图,弥补了传统经验鉴别方法的不足。将微性状特征进行量化,建立阳春砂微性状数据库,可为该药材的性状鉴定和质量控制提供参考。

Identification of Microscopic Characteristics of Amomum villosum from Different Habitats and Its Adulterants

OBJECTIVE:To identify Amomum villosum from different habitats and its adulterants.METHODS:Through the identification methods of microscopic characteristics,microscopic characteristics maps of 9 batches of A.villosum from genuine producing areas,domestic commercially available A.villosum and its adulterants were obtained.The feature maps were extracted digitally and analyzed by SPSS 21.0 software.RESULTS:Commercially available A.villosum was mainly from Guangdong,Guangxi,Yunnan and Fujian;the collected adulterants of A.villosum included A.villosum Lour.var.xanthioides T.L.Wu et Senjen,A.aurantiacum H.T.Tsai et S.W.Zhao and other A.species from Yunnan Xishuangbanna,Laos and Myanmar.Under the microscope,it was observed that microscopic characteristics of surface(such as exocarp color,prickle,non-glandular hairs,endocarp color,endocarp oil chamber)of A.villosum from different habitats and its adulterants were different.There was statistically significant difference in fruit width values and endocarp oil point diameter among all samples(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:The microscopic characteristics maps of A.villosum from different habitats and its adulterants by the microscopic characteristics identification methods will make up for the deficiency of traditional experience identification.The quantitative analysis of micro-property and the establishment of micro-property database of A.villosum can provide reference for the property identification and quality control of this medicinal material.