外泌体非编码RNA在骨关节炎软骨损伤修复中的研究进展

骨关节炎（osteoarthritis，OA）是一种常见的退行性疾病，最主要的病理改变是软骨损伤，主要临床症状是疼痛和关节功能减退。研究表明，骨关节炎中软骨细胞内非编码RNA（noncoding RNA, ncRNA）的表达异常上调或下调，影响软骨细胞的增殖、迁移和凋亡，从而影响骨关节炎的发生和发展。外泌体是由各类细胞...

Research progress of non-coding RNA carried by exosomes in cartilage repair of osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis(OA)is a common degenerative disease.Its most significant pathological change is destruction of articular cartilage and the main clinical symptoms are pain and dysfunction of joints.Recent studies have shown that the expression of non-coding RNA(ncRNA)in chondrocytes can abnormally up-regulate or down-regulate and alter the activities of chondrocytes like their proliferation,migration and apoptosis,thus leading to the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis.Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 40-100 nm,which are secreted in intercellular fluid,act as medium of intercellular communication.They protect ncRNA,protein,lipid and other bioactive materials from enzymatic degradation by encapsulating them and transferring to sibling chondrocytes,due to their good tissue permeability.They can also improve communication between cells and regulate the activities of chondrocytes.Thus,exosomes behave like gene carriers.The ncRNA carried by exosomes can supplement or adsorb the abnormal ncRNA in chondrocytes,so as to regulate the activity of chondrocytes,and is therefore considered as a possible candidate with capabilities to repair cartilages.In this study we reviewed existing literatures related to the roles and effects of exosome miRNA,lncRNA and circRNA on osteoarthritis.We also reviewed the pathogenesis of exosome ncRNA in osteoarthritis.