呼吸道感染患儿快速A组β溶血性链球菌检测临床分析

目的:研究儿童A组β溶血性链球菌(GABHS)感染的情况,对快速GABHS抗原检测方法进行评价。方法:随机选择呼吸道感染患儿1485例,对其进行快速GABHS抗原检测,对部分阳性者进行青霉素类药物治疗1周后复查,并与抗链O及咽培养比较。结果:1485例呼吸道感染患儿中GABHS阳性率为23.2%(345例),主要为上呼吸道感染,下呼吸道感染则较少见。咽炎合并急性肾炎患者GABHS阳性率高达80%,与普通咽炎(21.6%)比较,P<0.01,有统计学意义,治疗1周后,复查抗链O阳性率改变较前无显著差异,GABHS抗原检测阳性率与咽培养无显著差异(P>0.05),抗原检测转阴率与临床症状转阴率无显著差异。结论:GABHS感染是小儿呼吸道感染疾病常见病因,常引起肾炎及风湿热等,快速GABHS抗原检测可作为其感染的诊断方法及疾病恢复的快速检测指标之一,对判断疾病转归很有帮助。

Clinical analysis on group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal rapid detection of the children with respiratory infection

Objective:To study the state of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus(GABHS)infection in children,to appraise the method of GABHS rapid antigen detection.Methods:The GABHS rapid antigen detection testing was used to detect in 1 485 children with respiratory infection,the positive part was treated by penicillins for a week,and then rechecked the GABHS antigen and compared with anti-streptococcal hemolysin O and throat culture.Results:The positive incidence of GABHS antigen was 23.2%(345 cases)in the 1 485 children with respiratory infection,the majority was upper respiratory tract infection,lower respiratory tract infection was less.The positive incidence of GABHS antigen in the pharyngitis complicating acute nephritis cases was 80%,and there was statistical significance compared with common pharyngitis(21.6%)(P<0.01).Anti-streptococcal hemolysin O was rechecked after a week treatment,and there was no obvious difference than before.There was no obvious difference between the positive incidence of GABHS antigen and of throat culture(P>0.05).The darkening incidence between antigen detection and clinical symptom was no obvious difference.Conclusion:GABHS infection is the common cause of respiratory tract infection in children,it can cause nephritis and rheumatic fever.Rapid GABHS antigen detection may become the diagnostic method for GABHS infection and one of the rapid indexes for disease improvement,it is helpful for the judgement of prognosis of disease.