新疆自治区宫颈浸润癌2417例临床流行病学回顾性分析

目的：探讨新疆地区子宫颈浸润癌患者临床流行病学特征。方法：回顾性分析新疆自治区肿瘤医院1995-01～2002—12收治宫颈浸润癌患者2417例，对临床流行病学情况进行分析。结果：宫颈浸润癌人群发病年龄40～60岁（67．7％），各个地区的维吾尔族均为主要的发病人群（78．7％）；发病人群主要集中于农民及家庭妇女；多孕、多产、早婚、早产和多性伴的情况普遍存在。发病后首次就诊多在县、市级医院，首诊确诊率较高（90．8％），但大多缺乏有效的治疗手段。鳞状细胞癌为主要病理类型；分型以外生型及糜烂型为主要类型；早期（Ⅰ期8．4％）患者比例低，而晚期（Ⅱ～Ⅳ期91．6％）患者比例高；单纯放疗患者（68．4％）所占比例较少，而单纯手术及术前、术后放疗患者所占比例（18．55％）略高。南疆地区与东北疆地区患者以及维汉族患者间临床流行病学资料及病理特征差异有统计学意义，P〈0．05。结论：新疆子宫颈癌发病具有鲜明的地域、民族及职业特征，与社会经济情况紧密相关。多孕、多产、早婚、早产及多性伴等高危因素与宫颈癌发病有关。

Clinical epidemiological analysis of cervical carcinoma of 2417 cases in Xinjiang

OBJECTIVE： To explore the clinical epidemiological characteristics of cervical carcinoma in Xinjiang area. METHODS： The cinical data of patients with cervical carcinoma in Xinjiang Tumor Hospital from June 1995 to December 2002 were reviewed respectively by the epidemiological methods. RESULTS： The average age of women treated for cervical cancer in this investigation at XinJiang Tumor Hospital was from 40 to 60 year old （67.7%）. The Uyghur women were majority of patients （78.7%）; The morbidity was centered on the peasants and family members mainly. The high risks such as constant pregnancy, constant giving-birth, early marriage, premature delivery were common. The patients were mainly diagnosed in county or city hospitals which were deficient of treatments. The rate of accurate-diagnosis was as high as 90. 8 %. The squamous cell was a main pathological type： exogenic and （ulcer） anabrosis were the main morphological types. The patients of Stage Ⅰ（8. 4%） were fewer than patients of Stage Ⅱ-Ⅳ （91.6 %）. The percent of radiotherapy was （68.4%）, the percent of surgery and pre/post-operation irradiations were as high as 18.55%. The regional and ethnic difference was prevalent and pathological characteristics were significant （P〈0. 05 ）. CONCLUSIONS： The morbidity rate of cervical carcinoma in Xinjiang has significance in the territory, ethnic group, occupation and social-economic status. There are many high-risk factors such as constant pregnancy, constant giving-birth, early-marriage, premature delivery and many sexual partners.