三维超声对胎儿骨骼畸形的研究

目的 探讨三维超声在胎儿骨骼系统发育畸形成像中的临床价值。方法 采用表面及最大透明成像方法，对22例产前常规二维超声检查怀疑胎儿骨骼异常的病例，进行三维超声成像检查，并在诊断中运用电子刀技术，动态三维技术。通过和产后病理解剖对照，比较二维、三维图像提供畸形的部位及细节的准确性。结果 21例能进行三维扫查，并得出表面或最大透明图像，产前二维超声对病变部位及细节判断准确分别为16例（72.7%）,和9例(40.9%)，而三维超声判断准确分别为21例（95.5%）和20例(91%)。结论 表面三维超声立体成像能够得出骨骼畸形的外貌特征，采用最大透明成像方式，能够了解畸形的骨骼数量和形态改变。三维超声为胎儿骨骼系统发育异常的诊断，提供了重要手段，是二维超声的重要补充。诊断中，电子解剖刀，动态三维技术进一步提高了三维图像的准确性。

Three-dimentional Ultrasonic Study on Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of three-dimensional ultrasound(3-D US ) in the diagnosis of fetal skeletal dysplasia.Methods Twenty-two pregnant women suspected as fetal sketal dysplasia were examined with routine prenatal two-dimensional ultrasound (2-D US) and 3-D US scan.Volune-rendering image with surface and transparent maximun mode was used to reconstruct 3-D images.The technique of electron-knife and live 3-D US was also used for diagnosis.The accuracy of 2-D and 3-D diagnosis for the malformation with sites and details was compared with pathology.Results A totel of 21 cases had 3-D US scanned data and 3-D image with surface or transparent maximum mode.Prenatal 2-D US determined the sites of anomaly in 16 cases(72.7%) and described the abnormality in detail in 9 cases(40.9%),and as to 3-D US,there were 21 cases(95.5%) and 20 cases(91%),respectively.Conclusions The surface characteristics of fetal skeletal dysplasia can be described by volume rendering image with surface mode,and the numerical and shapes of the bony structure can be seen using volume rendering image with transparent -maximun mode.3-D US provides an important tool for diagnosing fetal skeletal dysplasia,thus 3-D US can be used as an important adjuvent method for 2-D US.The accuracy and successful rate of 3-D images were inproved by the teehnique of electron-knife and live-3-D US.