杭州市初中生健康素养现状调查及对策研究

目的通过对杭州市中学生健康素养的调查，了解学生的健康相关知识、技能和健康行为情况，提出促进学生健康素养发展的建议。方法采用分层抽样法随机选取全市各区、县（市）21所初中学校的1050名初二学生开展问卷调查，组间比较用，检验，等级资料采用秩和检验。结果杭州市82．31％的初中生具备健康素养，女生健康素养优于男生（P〈0．05）；健康知识整体知晓率为86．12％，健康技能总体掌握率为79．66％。部分健康知识知晓率、健康技能掌握率、健康行为形成率中城乡学生、男女生之间存在统计学差异（P〈0．05）。结论杭州市初中生健康素养整体情况较好，但对部分健康知识、健康技能掌握不全面。各中学应重视学生健康素养的提升，将健康素养的培养纳入学生教育的内容中，提高学生对健康知识和技能的储备，促进健康行为的形成。

Hangzhou junior high school students＇ health literacy： a survey of the status quo and possible countermeasures

Objective The survey was designed to understand junior high students＇ knowledge, skills, and behavior related to health in order to develop necessary health literacy in the students. Method 1050 second year students from 21 junior high schools located in both city and country were selected by stratified random sampling as subjects of study and divided into two groups, those from city as one group, those from the country as the other. A questionnaire was designed and the two groups of students were asked to answer the survey. Chi-square test was used for groups comparison and rank sum test was used for ranked data. Findings 82.31% of the students appeared to have health literacy. Girls are in general superior to boys in the acquisition of health literacy（P 〈 0.05）. The awareness rate of health knowledge is 86.12%. The total rate of mastery of health skills is 79.66%. There are significant differences among the part of the awareness rate of health knowledge, the total rate of mastery of health skills and health behavior formation rate, between boys and girls, urban and rural students （ P 〈 O. 05 ）. Conclusion The status quo of health literacy as acquired by the students in general is satisfactory. However, students＇ health knowledge and health skills were found to be inadequate. Junior high schools in Hangzhou city should pay more attention to the development of students＇ health literacy and incorporate it into the training of students in the content of education and improve health reserves of the students＇in the field of knowledge and skills and promote the formation of health behavior.