呼吸窘迫综合征早产儿宫外发育迟缓的危险因素分析

目的探讨新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)早产儿宫外发育迟缓(EUGR)相关危险因素,以探讨预防对策。方法收集2011年1月1日至2012年10月31日新生儿重症监护室的60例适于胎龄儿的RDS早产儿的临床资料,根据出院时体质量与矫正胎龄的关系,分为EUGR组与非EUGR组,应用SPSS 17.0软件进行数据分析,比较两组基本情况、围产期因素、营养摄入情况、治疗措施及并发症方面的差异;并对相关因素进行Logistic回归分析,筛选出RDS早产儿宫外发育迟缓的高危因素。结果适于胎龄的RDS早产儿宫外发育迟缓发生率为56.67%(34/60)。EUGR组与非EUGR组出生体质量、最小体质量、多胎妊娠、分娩方式差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在胎龄、营养摄入情况、治疗措施及并发症方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析:恢复出生体质量时间、多胎妊娠为危险因素,产前激素应用为保护性因素。结论适于胎龄的RDS早产儿EUGR与多胎妊娠、剖宫产、出生体质量低、最小体质量有关,恢复出生体质量时间及多胎妊娠为EUGR危险因素。

Analysis of risk factors for extrauterine growth retardation in infants with respiratory distress syndrome

Objective To explore the epidemiological rule and correlated risk factors of extrauterine growth retardation in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome（RDS） and to provide prevention and reduce its morbidity. Methods Data of 60 infants with RDS who were appropriate for gestational age incharged from Jan.1.2011 to Oct.30.2012 at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Qingdao Women and Children Hospital were reviewed. According to the weight when he（she） was discharged, all subjects were divided into EUGR group and non-EUGR group.The SPSS 17.0 was applied to analyze the data.The difference of 2 groups in terms of basic situation, peripartum factors, nutritional support, treatment measures and complications were comPared.Correlation factors were screened out by Logistic regression analysis. Results Among 60 RDSs who were appropriate for gestational age, 34 cases were extrauterine growth retardation. The differences in birth weight, the minimum weight, multiple pregnancy, delivery pattern were considered statistically significant （P〈0.05）, and there were no statistically significant difference in gestational age, nutritional support, treatment measures and complications （P〉0.05）. Logistic regression analysis：The time to regain birth weight and multiple pregnancy were independent risk factors for extrauterine growth retardation, while prenatal use of cortical hormone was its protective factor. Conclusions The extrauterine growth retardation in RDSs who were appropriate for gestation age is related with low birth weight, multiple pregnancy, cesarean delivery. The time to regain birth weight and multiple pregnancy were independent risk factors for extrauterine growth retardation in RDS.