骨骼发育中骨骼干细胞的鉴定

越来越多的研究证明骨形成源于骨骼干细胞的成骨向分化。在过去10年,骨骼干细胞的界定方法已从简单的体外分化实验转变为多次移植以及谱系追踪等体内实验。复杂的复合式研究方法为鉴定婴儿期软骨膜干细胞、新生儿期生长板静止区干细胞以及成体期骨髓间充质干细胞提供了更直观和更准确的实验结果。多种不同来源的骨骼干细胞紧密地相互合作,为骨骼发育、稳态维持以及硬组织再生提供了重要的基础。尽管受到学术界越来越多的关注,但对骨骼干细胞的探讨与研究还处在起步阶段,尚需要更深入、更系统的科学数据来完善对骨骼干细胞的认识。

The definition of skeletal stem cell in bone development

Growing evidence supports the idea that skeletal stem cells play important roles in bone development.Over the recent years,the identification of skeletal stem cells has evolved from cells simply defined by in vitro behaviors to cells identified by a combination of ex vivo serial transplantation assays and in vitro lineage-tracing experiments.These approaches have shown better identification of the characteristics of skeletal stem cells residing in multiple tissues,including the perichondrium of the fetal bone,the resting zone of the postnatal growth plate and the adult bone marrow space.Multiple groups of skeletal stem cells seem to collaborate tightly and achieve critical biological functions of mineralized tissue,including not only bone development and growth,but also maintenance and repair.Although recently more studies have been focusing on this topic and collecting numbers of important findings,we are still beginning to understand the diversity and the nature of skeletal stem cells,and how they actually behave in vivo.Accumulating works need to be done to investigate the feature and systemic regulation of skeletal stem cells.