食物过敏与儿童特应性皮炎相关性及其诊断

大约1/3中到重度特应性皮炎患儿存在食物过敏,但食物过敏是否会诱发或加重特应性皮炎患儿的湿疹样皮损仍存在争议.食物过敏可以诱发特应性皮炎患儿的两种反应,非湿疹样反应和湿疹样反应.前者为IgE介导,诊断相对比较简单,多数情况下借助病史、皮肤点刺试验及特异性IgE抗体水平等即可明确诊断.后者为细胞介导,诊断必须借助口服食物激发试验.如果没有条件做食物激发试验时,也可以借助诊断性的饮食回避来明确可疑过敏食物.

Food allergy and atopic dermatitis in children: relationship and diagnosis

About one third of children with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis have a food allergy,but whether foods are responsible for triggering or worsening their atopic dermatitis still remains controversial.Foods can lead to two kinds of reactions in children with atopic dermatitis: non-eczematous reaction, which is IgE-mediated and can be diagnosed through medical history, skin prick or specific IgE testing in most cases,and eczematous reaction, which is cell-mediated and can only be confirmed by oral food challenge. In case that oral food challenge is unavailable, diagnostic elimination diet is a way to identify suspected food allergens.