中国毛茛科药用植物的研究 Ⅲ.唐松草属的药用植物

本文共报导了26种唐松草属的药用植物,其中有14种在我国民间常用来代替黄连.通过初步的化学预试,这26种植物的根及根茎部分几乎均具有生物碱反应,表明这个属也是毛茛科植物中含生物碱比较集中的一个大属;通过小蘖碱的显微化学试验,初步证明:高原唐松草(Thalictrum cultratum Wall.)、多叶唐松草(Th.foliolostrm DC.)、昭通唐松草(Th.chaotungense W.T.Wang et S.H.Wang,ined.)、滇川唐松草(Th.finetii Boivin)、贝加尔唐松草(Th.baicalense Turcz.)及其长柱变种(Th.baicalense var.megalostigma Boivin)的根及根茎中均含有小蘖碱,值得作进一步的研究.

A STUDY OF THE RANUNCULACEOUS MEDICINAL PLANTS IN CHINA Ⅲ. THE MEDICINAL PLANTS OF GENUS THALICTRUM LINN.

In family Ranunculaceae, genus Thalictrum Linn. is a widely distributed and abun- dant one. It is composed of some 300 species. Out of these approximitly 70 species have been so far found in China, and 26 known to posses drug vulue, viz. Thalictrum cultratum Wall., Th. foliolosum DC., Th. chaotungense W. T. Wang et S. H. Wang, ined., Th. delavayi Franch.; Th. trichopus Franch.; Th. baicalense Turcz., and var. megalostigma Boivin, Th. faberi Ulbr., Th. fortunei S. Moore, Th. ramosum Boivin, Th. omeiense W. T. Wang et S. H. Wang, ined., Th. smithii Boivin var. gynodioecum W. T. Wang et S. H. Wang, ined., Th. przewalskii Maxim., Th. collinum Wallr., Th. reticulatum Franch., Th. alpinum Linn. var. elatum Ulbr., Th. chelidonii DC., Th. javanicum Blume, Th. finetii Boivin, Th. squamiferum Lecoy., Th. ichangense Lecoy. ex Oliv., Th. micro- gynum Lecoy. ex Oliv., Th. acutifolium (Hand.-Mazz.) Boivin, Th. petaloideum Linn., Th. thunbergii DC., Th. virgatum Hook. f. et Thoms., and Th. simplex Linn. var. brevi- pes Hara, the first 14 species listed above being usually used in native medicine as a substitute for the Chinese drug Huang-lian (Rhizoma Coptidis). By means of an alkaloid screening procedure, the near ubiquitous existence of alka- loids has been shown in all 26 medicinal species of this genus. This consequently reveals that Thalictrum Linn. is also an alkaloid-rich genus within family Ranunculaceae. Be- sides, berberine has been supposed to be present in Thalictrum cultratum Wall., Th. folio- losum DC., Th. chaotungense W. T. Wang et S. H. Wang, ined., Th. finetii Boivin, Th. baicalense Turcz., and Th. baicalense var. megalostigma Boivin on account of a berberine positive microchemical test. In addition, an analytical key for the 26 medicinal species stated above and two botanical plates are also provided in this paper.