多维度团体干预老年病人孤独感的实践与评价

目的探讨多维度团体干预方法对老年住院病人孤独感的干预效果。方法采用《UCLA孤独感量表》对长期住院的老年慢性病病人进行筛查,选取80例存在孤独感的病人,随机分为2组,观察组进行3个月的多维度团体心理干预,对照组实施常规心理护理。比较干预前和干预3个月后2组病人孤独感评分和主观幸福感评分的差异。结果经过3个月的多维度团体干预,观察组病人UCLA孤独感评分显著低于干预前(t=16. 69,P<0. 01),且显著低于对照组(t=17. 06,P<0. 01);观察组主观幸福感评分高于干预前(t=38. 40,P<0. 01)及对照组(t=41. 15,P<0. 01); 2组病人对护理服务的满意度均显著提升(P<0. 05),且观察组显著高于对照组(t=11. 06,P<0. 01)。结论多维度团体干预对于改善老年住院病人孤独感及主观幸福感具有显著效应,有助于提高病人满意度,值得临床推广和应用。

Practice and evaluation of multidimensional group psychological intervention in elderly patients with loneliness

Objective To explore the effect of multidimensional group psychological intervention on elderly patients with loneliness. Methods UCLA loneliness scale was used to evaluate loneliness and the scale of MUNSH was used to evaluate subjective well-being. A total of 80 cases of patients with loneliness were selected and divided randomly into two groups. Patients in the observation group accepted multidimensional group psychological intervention for 3 months,and those in the control group accepted routine psychological care. The differences in the level of loneliness,subjective well-being and patients’ satisfaction were compared between the two groups before and after 3 months’ intervention. Results Three months later,the score of UCLA in the observation group got significantly lower(t = 16. 69,P<0. 01),and the difference was statistically significant between the two groups(t = 17. 06,P<0. 01). And the level of subjective well-being in the observation group was higher than that of control group(t =41. 15,P<0. 01),the level of patients’ satisfaction was significantly higher than that before intervention(t= 12. 95,P< 0. 01),especially in the observation group. Conclusions Multidimensional group psychological intervention has significant effect on the improvement of loneliness,subjective well-being and the satisfaction of elderly hospitalized patients. It is worth promoting and applying in clinical practice.