早餐食用频率和食物种类与儿童肥胖及相关慢性病患病率的关系

目的探讨早餐的食用频率和食物种类与儿童肥胖以及相关慢性病的关系。方法用随机整群抽样法从哈尔滨等6城市抽取一至五年级6～13岁小学生7009名进行问卷调查,并按照统一的标准进行体格检查及血生化指标的测量。结果经常吃早餐且早餐食物种类多样、经常吃早餐但早餐食物种类单调、不经常吃早餐但早餐食物种类多样、不经常吃早餐且早餐食物种类单调4组儿童中肥胖患病率比值比及其95%可信区间]依次为10.0%(参考人群)、10.3%OR:1.03(0.87-1.22)]、12.2%OR:1.24(0.90-1.71)]、14.7%OR:1.51(1.14-2.01);]腹型肥胖的患病率在各组间依次为:14.5%(参考人群)、13.8%OR:0.94(0.81-1.09)]、18.3%OR:1.36(1.04-1.79)]、18.8%OR:1.38(1.07-1.78);]高血压的患病率依次为:10.0%(参考人群)、12.8%OR:1.36(1.16-1.60)]、12.4%OR:1.29(0.93-1.79)]、13.6%OR:1.49(1.11-1.99)]。在调整了年龄、性别、出生体重、出生4个月内喂养方式、父母文化程度、家庭人均收入等混杂因素后,肥胖、腹型肥胖、高血压的发生率在各组间仍有统计学差异,血糖升高、高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、代谢综合征发生率在各组间无统计学差异。结论不经常吃早餐或早餐食物种类单一均会增加儿童患肥胖及相关慢性病的风险,保质保量的早餐能为儿童提供更加均衡的营养素摄入,有利儿童健康成长。保障早餐食用频率及食物种类多样对儿童健康意义重大。

Study on relationship between frequency and variety of breakfast and obesity and chronic diseases among children

Objective To investigate the association of frequency and variety of breakfast with obesity and related chronic diseases among children.Methods 7009 children grade second to fifth,aged 6-13 years were enrolled to com-plete the questionnaires from 6 cities,with multistage random sampling.And they were tested for physique and blood bio-chemistry,according to the same standards.Results The prevalence odds ratio(OR),95% CI]of obesity was 10.0%(ref.),10.3% OR: 1.03(0.87-1.22) ],12.2% OR: 1.24(0.90-1.71) ],and...