少女妊娠的相关因素调查

目的了解与少女妊娠的相关因素，尤其是妊娠少女的家庭状况，探讨少女妊娠的家庭危险因素。方法病例组来自上海市几个妇产科医院就诊的19岁以下确诊妊娠的126名少女．对照组为上海市几个高中、技校和大学的确定未怀孕的97名少女学生进行调查。参加调查的少女完成以下问卷：一般情况调查、生殖健康知识调查、家庭功能问卷。结果妊娠少女的父母教育水平较低，母亲更多是家庭妇女．而非妊娠少女家庭亲子关系较好，父母婚姻状况较好，家庭功能相对良好．教育期望值比较高；所有受试者的生殖健康知识都很缺乏。结论家庭在少女妊娠中的作用不容忽视，不良的家庭环境可能是少女妊娠的危险因素；对青少年的性生殖健康知识的教育迫在眉睫。

Investigation on Correlated Factors of Adolescent Pregnancy

Objective To study the association of adolescent pregnancy, especially the family of pregnant adolescent, to identify characteristics within the family that were associated with adolescent pregnancy in a group of adolescent girls in shanghai . Methods Of 223 female adolescents（14-19 years of age）, 126 were pregnant and seen at the family planning clinics of hospital in shanghai, and 97 were students from middle schools and university located in shanghai. The subjects complete several questionnaires as followed： common questions, sexual health knowledge and Family Assessment Device. Results Parental education was lower in the family of pregnant adolescents, there were more mothers of pregnant adolescents stayed at home as housewives, pregnant adolescents reported lower parents-daughter communication and correlation ,whereas the parent-children correlation.parental marriage and family functions were better in non-pregnant adolescents , non-pregnant adolescents reported higher education expectation than pregnant adolescents. Both group were lack in the knowledge of sexual health information. Conclusion The current study showed that family had effects on the adolescent pregnancy, dysfunctional family environment is risk factors of adolescent pregnancy, and we should take measure to improve education of sexual health for adolescent.