Risk factors for liver-related and non-liver-related mortality following a sustained virological response after direct-acting antiviral treatment for hepatitis C virus infection in a real-world cohort |
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Authors: | Ritsuzo Kozuka Akihiro Tamori Masaru Enomoto Yoshimi Muto-Yukawa Naoshi Odagiri Kohei Kotani Hiroyuki Motoyama Etsushi Kawamura Atsushi Hagihara Hideki Fujii Sawako Uchida-Kobayashi Norifumi Kawada |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan;2. Department of Hepatology, Kashiwara Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan |
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Abstract: | A direct-acting antiviral (DAA)-induced sustained virological response (SVR) reduces the risk of mortality. However, the risk factors associated with liver-related and non-liver-related mortality following a SVR after DAA treatment are unclear. We assessed the incidence and risk factors of liver-related and non-liver-related mortality in 1180 patients who achieved a SVR after DAA treatment. During the follow-up period after DAA treatment (median duration, 1099 [range: 84–2345] days), 53 (4.5%) patients died: 15 due to liver-related mortality, 25 due to non-liver-related mortality and 13 due to unknown causes. The all-cause, liver-related and non-liver-related mortality rates were 14.9, 4.2 and 7.0/1000 person-years, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after DAA treatment (p = .009; hazard ratio [HR], 31.484), an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at baseline ≤61.68 ml/min/1.73 m2 (p = .015; HR, 6.607), and an α-fetoprotein level post-treatment ≥7.6 ng/ml (p = .041; HR, 18.490) were significantly associated with liver-related mortality. Furthermore, eGFR ≤67.94 ml/min/1.73 m2 at baseline (p = .012; HR, 3.407) and albumin–bilirubin (ALBI) grade ≥ 2 at SVR (p = .024; HR, 3.449) were significantly associated with non-liver-related mortality. Early diagnosis and therapeutic interventions for HCC development after DAA treatment are important to reduce liver-related mortality. The ALBI grade, which reflects the hepatic functional reserve, is a useful predictor of non-liver-related mortality after a SVR induced by DAA treatment. Furthermore, the renal dysfunction caused by metabolic syndrome may affect prognosis even after eliminating hepatitis C virus. |
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Keywords: | direct-acting antiviral hepatitis C virus liver-related mortality non-liver-related mortality sustained virological response |
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