The validity of the Gait Variability Index for individuals with mild to moderate Parkinson’s disease |
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| Institution: | 1. Research Department, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesodden, Norway;2. Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway;3. Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Norway;4. Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenberg, Sweden;5. Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Stockholm, Sweden;6. Functional Area Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Allied Health Professionals Function, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden;7. Habilitation & Health, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden;1. University of Washington, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;2. KU Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Science, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;3. James R. Gage Center for Gait & Motion Analysis, Gillette Children''s Specialty Healthcare, St. Paul, MN 55101, USA;4. University of Minnesota, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Minneapolis, MN, USA;1. Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA;2. Motion & Gait Analysis Laboratory, Lucile Packard Children''s Hospital, Palo Alto, CA, USA;3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Redwood City, CA, USA;1. Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA;2. Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA;3. Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA;4. Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration, Gainesville, FL, USA;5. Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA |
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| Abstract: | Increased step-to-step variability is a feature of gait in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is associated with increased disease severity and reductions in balance and mobility. The Gait Variability Index (GVI) quantifies gait variability in spatiotemporal variables where a score ≥100 indicates a similar level of gait variability as the control group, and lower scores denote increased gait variability. The study aim was to explore mean GVI score and investigate construct validity of the index for individuals with mild to moderate PD. 100 (57 males) subjects with idiopathic PD, Hoehn & Yahr 2 (n = 44) and 3, and ≥60 years were included. Data on disease severity, dynamic balance, mobility and spatiotemporal gait parameters at self-selected speed (GAITRite) was collected. The results showed a mean overall GVI: 97.5 (SD 11.7) and mean GVI for the most affected side: 94.5 (SD 10.6). The associations between the GVI and Mini- BESTest and TUG were low (r = 0.33 and 0.42) and the GVI could not distinguish between Hoehn & Yahr 2 and 3 (AUC = 0.529, SE = 0.058, p = 0.622). The mean GVI was similar to previously reported values for older adults, contrary to consistent reports of increased gait variability in PD compared to healthy peers. Therefore, the validity of the GVI could not be confirmed for individuals with mild to moderate PD in its current form due to low associations with validated tests for functional balance and mobility and poor discriminatory ability. Future work should aim to establish which spatiotemporal variables are most informative regarding gait variability in individuals with PD. |
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| Keywords: | Parkinson’s disease Gait Variability Index Construct validity Walking Balance |
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