The impact of serum magnesium and calcium on the risk of epilepsy: A mendelian randomization study |
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Authors: | Xiaoming Guo Yueli Zhu Caidi Ying Ke Xu Yuan Hong |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
Department of Neurosurgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China;2. Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China;3. Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China |
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Abstract: | Aims To investigate the causal role of serum magnesium and calcium in epilepsy or any of its subtypes through Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Methods Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with serum magnesium and calcium were used as the instrumental variables. MR analyses were performed using the summary-level data for epilepsy extracted from International League Against Epilepsy Consortium (15,212 cases and 29,677 controls) to obtain the causal estimates. The analyses were replicated using FinnGen data (7224 epilepsy cases and 208,845 controls), and a meta-analysis was then conducted. Results The result of combined analyses showed that higher serum magnesium concentrations was associated with a reduced risk of overall epilepsy (odds ratios OR] = 0.28, 95% confidence interval CI], 0.12–0.62, p = 0.002). In ILAE, higher serum magnesium was suggestively associated with reduced risks of focal epilepsy (OR = 0.25, 95% CI 0.10–0.62, p = 0.003). However, the results cannot be repeated in sensitivity analyses. As for serum calcium, the results did not reach statistical significance with overall epilepsy (OR = 0.60, 95% CI, 0.31–1.17, p = 0.134). However, genetically predicted serum calcium concentrations showed an inverse association with risk of generalized epilepsy (OR = 0.35, 95% CI, 0.17–0.74, p = 0.006). Conclusion The current MR analysis did not support a causal relationship between serum magnesium and epilepsy, but showed a causally negative association between genetically determined serum calcium and generalized epilepsy. |
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Keywords: | epilepsy seizure serum calcium serum magnesium |
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