适应障碍青少年人格特点与父母教养方式关系研究

目的：探讨适应障碍青少年的人格特点和父母养育方式。方法：采用明尼苏达多项人格问卷（MMPI）和父母养育方式量表（EMBU）分别对60例适应障碍青少年和正常对照进行评估。结果:人格量表中，适应障碍者在疑病量表（Hs）、抑郁量表（D）、癔症量表（Hy）、 病态人格（Pd）和神经衰弱量表（Pt）上较正常组显著增高（P＜0.05)；父母教养方式中，适应障碍者的父亲情感温暖、理解（F1）得分低于正常组；而父亲惩罚严厉（F2）、过分干涉（F3）、拒绝否认（F5）和父亲过度保护（F6），以及母亲过分干涉（M2）、拒绝否认（M3）和惩罚严厉（M4）得分均高于正常组；适应障碍者的父亲惩罚严厉与人格量表中的疑病量表、病态人格量表和躁狂量表(Ma)之间，父亲偏爱被试与社会内向量表(Si)之间，母亲情感温暖、理解与疑病量表之间，母亲惩罚严厉与疑病量表、抑郁量表、躁狂量表及社会内向量表之间的相关达到统计学意义。结论:适应障碍青少年的人格特征存在不健康因子，且与其父母的教养方式密切相关，缺乏情感理解、采用否认、惩罚等教育方式不利于青少年的人格及适应能力的发展。

Personality traits and parental rearing practices in adolescent with adjustment disorders

To explore the personality and parental rearing practices in adolescents with adjustment disorders. Methods: The personality and parental rearing practices in adolescents with adjustment disorders and the control were assessed with questionaires of MMPI and EMBU. Results: Contrasting with the control, the case group had significantly higher scores of factor Hy， Pd and Pt in MMPI, and lower scores of father′s factor 1 (F1), higher scores of father′s factor 2, 3, 4, 5 (F2, F3, F4, F5, respectively) and mother′s factor 2, 3, 4, (F2, F3, F4, respectively) in EMBU. There were statistical correlations between factors of MMPI and EMBU. Conclusion: Adolescents with adjustment disorders have unhealthy personality traits. The parental rearing practices of the case group are harmful to the development of personality.