空气细颗粒物(PM2.5)生物效应指标研究进展

本文阐述了细颗粒物生物效应指标的研究进展。细颗粒物是一种重要的空气污染物 ,它的形态和组成相当复杂 ,不仅含有大量的有机物如B(a)p ,而且含有许多重金属如Pb、Cd、Cr等。这些组分大多数是有毒的 ,其中一些可以引起肺部炎症和哮喘 ,另一些具有遗传毒性的物质可能是潜在的致癌物。细颗粒物可经过呼吸进入肺部 ,并且沉积在肺组织 ,因此它严重危害人类健康。流行病学研究已经显示细颗粒物与疾病发病率和死亡率的上升有关 ,尤其是心脏和肺部疾病。目前认为细颗粒物可能通过氧化、炎症刺激及对遗传物质的作用对机体造成损伤 ,但细颗粒物的致病机制仍不很清楚 ,因此有必要进一步探索其生物效应

Advances on the biological effect indices for fine particles (PM2.5) in air

Fine particles are complex mixture of air pollutants containing not only a great deal of organic compounds but also varied kind of metals, such as B(a)p, Pb, Cd, Cr etc. Most of those compounds are toxic. Some of them are the cause of lung inflammation and asthma, some are genotoxic with a potential of carcinogenesis. Because the fine particles can be inhaled into lung and deposit in lung tissue, which have adverse effects on human health. Epidemiological studies indicated that increased mortality and morbidity, especially for cardiovascular and lung diseases, was associated with the amount of ambient fine particles. Although some scientists thought fine particles damaging the body through oxidant stress, inflammation and genetic materials and so on,the mechanism for them is not known well. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the biological effects of fine particle on human health in the future.