蓖麻毒素的毒性作用机制及其在肿瘤治疗中的应用

蓖麻毒素对哺乳动物细胞具有很强的毒性,属于Ⅱ型核糖体失活蛋白。其A链是活性链,可使核糖体失活,从而使蛋白质合成受阻,细胞死亡。基于蓖麻毒素的细胞毒性,人们将蓖麻毒素及其A链应用于肿瘤治疗领域,目的在于特异性杀伤肿瘤细胞,并减小对正常细胞的毒性。本文就蓖麻毒素的分子结构、毒性机制以及近年来在肿瘤治疗领域的研究进展作一综述。

Toxicity mechanism of ricin and its application in cancer therapy

As a type Ⅱ ribosome-inactivating protein,ricin has tremendous toxicity to mammalian cells.Ricin toxin A-chain（RTA） exerts RNA n-glycosidase activity to inhibit ribosome,causing protein synthesis inhibition and cell death.Based on its serious cytotoxicity,ricin and RTA were used in cancer therapy researches aiming at killing cancer cells specifically,and weakening cytotoxicity to normal cells.In this review,we summarize the structure,toxicity mechanism and research progress in cancer therapy of ricin.