Aerobic and anaerobic contribution to Wingate test performance in sprint and middle-distance runners |
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Authors: | P Granier B Mercier J Mercier F Anselme C Préfaut |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratoire de Physiologic des Interactions, Service d'Explorations de la Fonction Respiratoire, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, 371 Avenue du Doyen G. Giraud, F-34295 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France |
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Abstract: | We investigated the aerobic and anaerobic contributions to performance during the Wingate test in sprint and middle-distance runners and whether they were related to the peak aerobic and anaerobic performances determined by two commonly used tests: the force-velocity test and an incremental aerobic exercise test. A group of 14 male competitive runners participated: 7 sprinters, aged 20.7 (SEM 1.3) years, competing in 50, 100 and 200-m events and 7 middle-distance runners, aged 20.0 (SEM 1.0) years, competing in 800, 1,000 and 1,500 m-events. The oxygen uptake (
) was recorded breath-by-breath during the test (30 s) and during the first 20 s of recovery. Blood samples for venous plasma lactate concentrations were drawn at rest before the start of the test and during the 20-min recovery period. During the Wingate test mean power (
) was determined and three values of mechanical efficiency, one individual and two arbitrary, 16% and 25%, were used to calculate the contributions of work by aerobic (
aer,ind,16%,25%) and anaerobic (
an,ind,16%,25%) processes. Peak anaerobic power (
an,peak) was estimated by the force-velocity test and maximal aerobic energy expenditure (
aer,peak) was determined during an incremental aerobic exercise test. During the Wingate test, the middle-distance runners had a significantly greater
than the sprinters (P < 0.001), who had significantly greater venous plasma lactate concentrations (P < 0.001). Moreover,
aer,ind,16%,25% were also significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the middle-distance runners
aer,ind 45 (SEM 4) % vs 28 (SEM 2) %;
aer,16% 30 (SEM 3) % vs 19 (SEM 2) %;
aer,25% 46 (SEM 3) % vs 29 (SEM 2)%];
an,ind,16%,25% in the sprint runners (P < 0.05)
an,ind 72 (SEM 3) % vs 55 (SEM 4) %;
an,16% 81 (SEM 2) % vs 70 (SEM 3) %;
an,25% 71 (SEM 2) % vs 54 (SEM 3) %]. The
aer,ind/
aer,peak and
×
an,ind/
an,peak ratios, however, were not significantly different between the two groups of athletes. These results would indicate that the sprinters and middle-distance runners used preferentially a metabolic system according to their speciality. Nevertheless, under the conditions of its experiment, they seemed to rely on the same percentage of both peak anaerobic and peak aerobic performance for a given exercise task. |
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Keywords: | Oxygen uptake Lactate Wingate test Runners |
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