不同年代精神病院医院感染的临床对比分析

目的:对比分析不同年代精神病院医院感染的临床特点及易感因素,为精神病院医院感染的防控积累资料。方法:随机抽查1989、1999和2009年三年的精神科住院病历各500份,分别调查医院感染发生率、感染部位、易感因素,对比分析不同病种之间、不同年代之间的医院感染特点及差异。结果:1989、1999和2009年各年份医院感染率分别为6.2%、5.6%、4.8%,医院感染率有逐年下降趋势,但无显著性差异(P0.05);各年份均以精神分裂症的院内感染发生率最高;院内感染部位主要是皮肤、胃肠道;医院感染的首要易感因素是行为紊乱、生活自理能力差;各年份间院内感染转归比较无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:精神专科医院必须根据专科特色,落实防控措施,以减少医院感染的发生。

A clinical comparison analysis on the hospital infection in mental hospital among different years.

Objective：To compare and analyze the clinical characters of hospital infection and its susceptible or risk factors in mental hospital among different years,so as to accumulate clinical data of controlling and preventing from hospital infection. Methods：500 cases with psychosis were randomly chosed in each year of 1989,1999 and 2009.They were investigated about incidence,position,susceptible or risk factors of hospital infection.The data were compared among different psychosis and different years.Results：The incidences of hospital infection in years of 1989,1999 and 2009 were 6.2%,5.6% and 4.8% respectively. This showed decreasing tendency but no significant difference among different years （P〉0.05）. The hospital infection rate put in the first and showed highest in schizophrenic patients of each year. The main infection positions were skin and gastrointestinal tract which were composed with 25.0% to 39.3% in each year. Behavior disorder and bad care ability of oneself in daily life were the mainly susceptible or risk factors of hospital infection. There was no significant difference among different years （P〉0.05）. Conclusion：Management and measures of controlling and preventing from hospital infection might be enhanced to reduce hospital infection according to the specialty of mental hospital.