放疗联合手术治疗胃癌的Meta分析

目的:评价放疗联合手术治疗与单纯手术治疗相比,在治疗胃癌方面的有效性及安全性.方法:检索Cochrane图书馆(2009年第2期)、PubMed(1966年1月-2009年6月)、EMBASE(1974年1月-2009年6月)、中国生物医学文献数据库(1978年1月-2009年6月)、中文科技期刊数据库(1989年1月-2009年6月)、中国期刊全文数据库(1994年1月-2009年6月)和万方数据库(1997年1月-2009年6月),纳入有关放疗联合手术治疗胃癌的随机对照试验(randomized controlled trial, RCT),评价文献的方法学质量,并进行Meta分析.结果:最终纳入9个RCT,共包括1 548例患者,其中5个RCT为术前放疗联合手术与单纯手术的对照,2个RCT为手术联合术中放疗与单纯手术的对照,2个RCT为手术联合术后放疗与单纯手术的对照.Meta分析的结果显示:(1)相比于单纯手术治疗,术前放疗联合手术治疗可提高胃癌患者的3年生存率比值比为1.78(95%的可信区间:1.14～2.78)]、5年生存率比值比为1.67(95%的可信区间:1.22～2.29)]和10年生存率比值比为1.64(95%的可信区间:1.03～2.60)],降低肿瘤复发率比值比为0.59(95%的可信区间:0.37～0.92)]和肿瘤转移率比值比为0.44(95%的可信区间:0.27～0.73)];(2)手术联合术中放疗与单纯手术治疗相比,在肿瘤复发率比值比为0.19(95%的可信区间:0.03～1.14)]和肿瘤转移率比值比为0.09(95%的可信区间:0.00～1.77)]方面无差异;(3)与单纯手术相比,手术联合术后放疗在改善胃癌患者的1年生存率比值比为0.83(95%的可信区间:0.60～1.15)]及3年生存率比值比为0.75(95%的可信区间:0.51～1.11)]、肿瘤复发率比值比为0.59(95%的可信区间:0.33～1.05)]和肿瘤转移率比值比为0.90(95%的可信区间:0.51～1.59)]方面无差异,但在改善胃癌患者的5年生存率比值比为0.57(95%的可信区间:0.34～0.95)]方面,单纯手术组要优于手术联合术后放疗组. 结论:术前放疗联合手术是一种较为合理的胃癌综合治疗方式.然而,就手术联合术中和术后放疗而言,由于纳入的RCT数量较少,因此今后尚需要开展高质量的RCT以作进一步的论证.

Radiotherapy combined with surgical treatment for gastric cancer: a Meta analysis

Objective:To assess the effectiveness and safety of radiotherapy combined with surgery for gastric cancer compared with single surgery. Methods:We retrieved relevant randomized controlled trails in Cochrane Library (Issue 2, 2009), PubMed (Jan 1966-Jun 2009), EMBASE (Jan 1974-Jun 2009), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (Jan 1978-Jun 2009), Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Database (Jan 1989-Jun 2009) ,China National Knowledge Infrastructure (Jan 1994 to Jun 2009) and Wanfang database (Jan 1997-Jun 2009). Two researchers assessed the quality of included randomized controlled trials (RCT) and extracted data independently. The RevMan 5.0 software was used for Meta-analysis. Results:Nine RCTs including 1 548 patients were selected for Meta analysis. Five RCTs were related with comparison of preoperative radiotherapy plus surgery with single surgery. Two RCTs were about the comparison of surgery plus perioperative radiotherapy with single surgery. Two RCTs were the comparative studies between surgery plus postoperative radiotherapy and single surgery. The Meta analysis results showed that: (1)compared with surgery alone, preoperative radiotherapy combined with surgery can increase 3 years OR = 1.78, 95% confidence interal (CI):1.14-2.78], 5 years (OR = 1.67, 95%CI :1.22-2.29),and 10 years (OR = 1.64, 95%CI 1.03-2.60) survival rate,and reduce the tumor recurrent rate(OR = 0.59, 95%CI :0.37-0.92) and metastasis rate (OR= 0.44, 95%CI :0.27-0.73); (2) The tumor recurrent rates (OR = 0.19,95%CI :0.03-1.14 )and tumor metastasis rates (OR = 0.09, 95%CI :0.00-1.77)had no difference between single surgery group and peri-operative radiotherapy plus surgery group;(3) Postoperative radiotherapy compared with surgery had no significant effects on 1 year (OR = 0.83, 95%CI :0.60-1.15) and 3 years (OR = 0.75, 95%CI :0.51-1.11) survival rate compared with single surgery, but the 5 years (OR = 0.57,95%CI :0.34-0.95) survival rate of the patients who received surgery alone was higher than those who received combined therapy. No difference of the tumor recurrence rate(OR=0.59,95%CI :0.33-1.05) and tumor metastasis rate (OR=0.90,95%CI:0.51-1.59) were observed between the two groups. Conclusion:Preoperative radiotherapy combined with surgery is more rational and effective than surgery alone in the treatment of gastric cancer. However in terms of the clinical effects of perioperative or postoperative radiotherapy combined with surgery, more RCTs with larger samples and higher quality need to be carried out to make further verification.