随访干预对2型糖尿病患者疾病控制的影响

目的 探讨随访对糖尿病患者疾病控制效果的影响.方法 将接受了糖尿病教育的160例糖尿病出院患者按出院顺序随机分为干预组和对照组各80例.干预组患者出院后定期随访(包括电话随访),观察时间为12个月,对照组患者出院后无定期随访.比较2组患者干预后健康行为,自我管理能力和认知水平的改善状况及空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白情况.采用t检验及χ2检验.结果 干预组健康行为、自我管理能力和认知水平提高程度均显著优于对照组;对照组出院6、12个月后空腹血糖水平与出院时及同一时段干预组比较明显增高;干预组出院6、12个月糖化血红蛋白水平与出院时相比明显降低.结论 出院随访是将医院健康教育延伸到患者家里的有效手段,指导并督促2型糖尿病患者独立担负起后续指标控制的责任,对患者血糖控制、提高生活质量、促进身心健康起到积极的作用,值得推广.

Influence of follow-up intervention on disease control of patients with diabetes mellitus

Objective To discuss the influence of follow-up intervention on disease control of pa-tients with diabetes mellitus. Methods 160 patients who received education about diabetes mellitus were divided into the intervention group and the control group randomly according to the date of dis-charge with 80 patients in each group.The intervention group was given regular follow-up visit (including telephone fol-low-up) which lasted 12 months.The control group received no regular foUow-up.The health behavior,self-management ability and alleviation state of cognition level,fast glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin were com-pared after intervention between the two groups by t test andχ2 test. Results The health behavior,self-management ability and alleviation state of cognition level in the intervention group were better than those of the control group.The blood glucose 6 and 12 months after discharge was higher than that at the time of dis-charge and that of the intervention group at the same time point.The glyeosylated hemoglobin of the interven-tion group was reduced 6 and 12 months after discharge compared with that at the time of dis-charge. Conclusions Out-of-hospital follow-up is an effective method to extend hospital health educa-tion to patients' home. It can instruct and supervise the patients to assume the responsibility of subsequent targets control,so it plays a positive role in the blood glucose control,improvement of life quality and promo-tion of psychological and physical health.It is worthy of wide popularization.