柳州市2004～2009年城市道路交通伤害的流行病学研究

目的 探讨柳州城市道路交通伤害的流行病学规律,为预防和控制伤害的发生及其危害提供依据.方法 应用广西公安厅交警总队提供的数据和2004～2009年柳州市统计年鉴描述柳州市道路交通伤害的发生率、死亡率、伤人率和直接经济损失及其变化趋势,并描述道路交通伤害的车辆类型、地区和道路分布情况等相关特征.结果 2004～2009年柳州城市道路交通伤害在总体上发生率、死亡率和伤人率呈下降趋势,但2009年4项数据有回升趋势,直接经济损失为69.9万元,是2008年的1.90倍,受伤人数为252人,是2008年的2.50倍,2项数据升高较快;2004～2009年间柳州市道路交通伤害的主要成因是与道路交通伤害相关的人员因素,所占比例为61.80％～91.03％,其中机动车驾驶员的违章行为是主要原因,包括纵向间距不够和酒后驾驶等;发生交通伤害的主要车种为汽车和摩托车,两者所占比例每年都超过90％以上;交通伤害主要发生在城市主干道上,占76％左右.结论 柳州市道路交通伤害发生率得到了有效控制,适当控制汽车保有量的快速增长对于减少道路交通伤害作用明显；柳州城市道路交通伤害的预防和控制应以控制汽车驾驶员和摩托车驾驶员的违章行为为重点,同时增加警力,加强城市主干道的监督检查.

Epidemiological Studies of Road Traffic Injuries in Liuzhou during the Period of 2004-2009

OBJECTIVE To analyze the trend and feature of the occurrence for motor vehicle traffic accidents in Liuzhou.METHODS The date of motor vehicle traffic accidents was provided by Guangxi Public Security Bureau Traffic Police Bureau and collection from the yearbook,the related background material were employed to describe the incidence rate,mortality rate,injury rate and fatality rate.RESULTS During the period of 2004-2009,motor vehicle traffic accidents in Liuzhou showed a declining trend in its incidence rate,mortality rate and injury rate,but the four sorts of data showed an ascending trend in 2009.The direct economic losses and the number of injury significantly increased,the direct economic loss was 699 000 Yuan,which was 1.90 times than that in 2008.A total of 252 people injured,which was 2.50 times than that in 2008.From 20042009 in Liuzhou,RTI was the main cause of road traffic injuries and relevant personnel factors,and the proportion was at the range of 61.80%-91.03%.Motor vehicle driver of illegal behavior was the main reason,including insufficient longitudinal distance between vehicles in running and drunk driving,etc.During this period,the automobile and motorcycles were responsible for most motor vehicle traffic accidents in Liuzhou with a percentage over 90%.RTI mainly occurs in road,and accounted for 76%.CONCLUSION Liuzhou road traffic injuries rate effectively controlled,but controlling the rapid growth of the auto possession,Liuzhou city RTI prevention and control should be taken to control the automobile driver and motorcycle driver,focus on the illegal behavior,at the same time increase police presence,and strengthen urban trunk road of supervision and inspection.