黔南地区体检人群颈部动脉超声检查与临床价值探讨

目的 探讨黔南地区体检人群颈部动脉超声检查与临床价值,为超声检查颈动脉纳入常规健康体检项目提供依据.方法 2011年5月～2012年1月,在某院查体中心健康查体者中,随机抽取了340例进行颈部动脉血管检查,了解颈动脉粥样硬化的患病情况及相关因素.结果 ICA、CCA、ECA内径男性受检者要明显宽于女性受检者(P＜0.05),所有受检者VA内径中左侧宽于右侧(P＜0.05),其中男女性受检者左右侧之间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；有9例颈部动脉血管有不同程度的内膜一中层厚度增厚,占2.64％；300例样本中动脉硬化159例(68.24％),动脉粥样斑块形成95例(40.77％),颈动脉狭窄6例(2.57％).其中双侧斑块形成64例(67.37％),单侧斑块形成31例(32.63％)；根据斑块形态及回声特点可分为:扁平斑15例(15.79％)、硬斑61例(64.31％)、软斑10例(10.53％)以及溃疡斑9例(9.47％).结论 超声检查颈动脉不但可用于预测亚临床颈动脉粥样硬化,而且可用于心脑血管的风险预测,有必要将其列为常规健康体检项目.

Carotid artery ultrasound test of crowd with physical examination in Qiannan area and its clinical value

OBJECTIVE To investigate the carotid artery ultrasound test of crowd with physical examination in Qiannan area and its clinical value and provide the basis for bringing ultrasound test on carotid artery into the routine physical examination.METHODS From May 2011 to January 2012,340 cases of carotid artery ultrasound test in the hospital examination centers were randomly selected to investigate the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis and related factors.RESULTS ICA,CCA,ECA inner diameter of the male subjects was significantly wider than the female subjects(P﹤0.05).In all subjects,the left VA internal diameter was wider than the right side(P﹤0.05),of which left and right side between male and female subjects had no significant difference(P﹥ 0.05) ;9 cases of neck arteries had varying degrees of intimal-medial thickness,accounting for 2.64% ;in 300 cases,arteriosclerosis was found in 159 cases(68.24%),formation of atherosclerotic plaque in 95 cases(40.77%),carotid artery stenosis in 6 cases(2.57%).Bilateral plaque formation was found in 64 cases(67.37%),unilateral plaques in 31 cases(32.63%);could be classified according to plaque morphology and echo features:a flat spot in 15 cases(15.79%),61 cases of morphea(64.31%),soft plaque in 10 cases(10.53%) and 9 cases of ulcer spots(9.47%).CONCLUSION The ultrasound test in carotid artery not only can be used to predict subclinical carotid atherosclerosis,but also for cardiovascular risk prediction,it is necessary to be classified as a routine health examination project.