烟台市汉族中小学生1985～2010年视力不良流行状况城乡比较分析

目的 了解1985～2010年25年间烟台市7～18岁城乡学生视力不良流行状况,为防控学生视力不良的发生发展提供科学依据.方法 利用1985,1995,2000,2005和2010年烟台市学生体质健康调研城乡视力不良资料,进行流行病学分析.结果 1985～2010年烟台市7～18岁城市学生视力不良率为57.51％,乡村学生视力不良率为61.08％,城乡比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=25.636,P=0.000).视力不良检出率依次分别是乡女＞城女＞乡男＞城男；初中和高中视力不良检出率乡村均高于城市；重度视力不良构成乡村亦高于城市.结论 烟台市乡村学生视力不良从发病率、性别,学段、以及程度诸多方面,都存在高于城市的严峻问题.

Comparative study of impaired-vision of Han students in Yantai primary and secondary school between rural and urban districts in 1985-2010

OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalent status of poor vision among primary and secondary school students aged 7-18 years in Yantai in the period of 25 years from 1985 to 2010,in order to give scientific bases of the prevention to the occurrence and progress of poor eyesight.METHODS Subjects were students from the 1985,1995,2000,2005 and 2010 cycles of the Survey on Yantai Students’ Constitution and Health of Impaired-Vision between rural and urban districts,carried out the epidemiology analysis.RESULTS In the period of 1985-2010,the average prevalence ratio of poor vision among urban students aged 7-18 years in Yantai was 57.51% and among rural students,it was 61.08%.Compared the urban ratio to the rural ratio,the difference had statistical significance(χ2 = 25.636,P = 0.000).The impaired-vision rate was the first high in rural girls,the second in urban girls,the third in rural boys and the last in urban boys,respectively.The prevalence ratio of poor vision was higher in rural district than in urban district in both junior high school and senior high school.The ratio of severe poor eyesight was also higher in rural than urban district.CONCLUSION In the every aspect of morbidity,gender,learning stages and degree,the prevalence ratio of poor vision in Yantai students is higher in rural district than in urban district,respectively,which is a very severe issue.