α-萜品烯醇对豚鼠肺机械功能的影响

肺机械功能测定是整体动物实验中研究平喘药较好的方法。本文通过测定豚鼠的潮气量(V)、呼吸气流速度(F)和胸内压(P),描记压力—流速(P-F)曲线和压力—容量(P-V)曲线,计算肺阻力(R_L)和肺动态顺应性(Cdyn),研究艾叶油的有效平喘成分之一——α-萜品烯醇(α-Ter-pineol)对豚鼠气道的直接扩张作用,对豚鼠组胺引喘、卵白蛋白主动致敏和IgE抗血清被动致敏豚鼠实验性哮喘的保护作用,并且用心得安、利血平等工具药初步分析其作用机理,发现其作用并非通过兴奋β肾上腺素受体,亦不受肾上腺素能神经功能的影响。

Effects of alpha-terpineol on pulmonary mechanics in guinea pigs

The measurement of pulmonary mechanics is a quite good method for the study of antiasthrngtics in animal experiments in vivo. In this paper, the measurement of pulmonary mechanics included pulmonary resistance (R_L) and pulmonary dynamic compliance (Cdyn). The former is an index which reflects large airway caliber and the latter is an index which reflects small airway caliber. α-Terpineol is one of the antiasthmatic principles of essential oil of Artemisia argyi. R_L was decreased and Cdyn was increased after inhalation of a-Terpineol aerosol, i e, α-Terpineol aerosol could dilate both large and small airways of normal guinea pigs. When guinea pigs which had been exposed to histamine aerosol were challeged with specific antigen, R_L was increased and Cdyn was decreased. The same result was obtained in guinea pigs sensitized actively by ovalbumin or passively by antiserum containing IgE. After inhalation of % a-Terprneol aerosol for 2 min the changes of R_L and Cdyn by the challenge were almost totally abolished. These findings showed clearly that α-Terpineol is an effective antiasthmatic in experimental asthma in guinea pigs. Effects of α-Terpineol on pulmonary mechanics in guinea pigs were not affected by propranolol (5mg/kg, i v) and reserpine (5 mg/kg, i p). These findings showed that the bronchodilative effect of a-Terpineol was not via β-adrenocepter and did not depend on the function of adrenergic nerve.