MT3-MMP (MMP-16) is Downregulated by In Vitro Cytokine Stimulation of Cartilage,but Unaltered in Naturally Occurring Equine Osteoarthritis and Osteochondrosis

Matrix degradation by metalloproteinases is considered a key feature in the loss of articular cartilage seen in many joint diseases. Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MT3-MMP) expression is elevated in human cartilage in end-stage osteoarthritis. We investigated whether MT3-MMP is similarly regulated in cartilage in two naturally occurring arthropathies in vivo and whether proinflammatory cytokines regulate its expression in vitro. MT3-MMP expression was evaluated in cartilage from horses with osteoarthritis and osteochondrosis and compared with age- and site-matched normal cartilage. MT3-MMP also was measured in normal cartilage stimulated with proinflammatory cytokines. MT3-MMP expression was not significantly altered in either osteoarthritis or osteochondrosis cartilage. However, gene expression was significantly downregulated by the addition of recombinant human interleukin-1β, oncostatin M, or tumor necrosis factor-α to normal cartilage explants. The results suggest that MT3-MMP may not have a role in matrix destruction in equine cartilage diseases. Further work is required to characterize its regulation and function.