基于虚拟现实技术的动作观察疗法对脑卒中后吞咽障碍的影响

目的:探讨基于虚拟现实技术的动作观察疗法对脑卒中后吞咽障碍的影响。方法:将42例脑卒中吞咽障碍患者随机分为观察组(n=22)和对照组(n=20)。2组患者均进行常规吞咽训练,观察组在常规吞咽训练的基础上在虚拟现实设备中进行动作观察疗法。治疗前后行吞咽相关的时间学参数分析、标准吞咽功能评估(SSA)、渗漏误吸评估(PAS)。结果:治疗4周后,2组吞咽时间学参数比较,2组口腔运送时间、吞咽反应时间、咽运送时间、喉关闭时间均较治疗前明显缩短(P<0.05),观察组除了喉关闭时间外,其余各时间均较对照组明显缩短(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组SSA及PAS评分均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),观察组2项评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:基于虚拟现实技术的动作观察疗法可改善脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能。

Effect of action observation therapy based on virtual reality technology on dysphagia after stroke

Objective: To explore the effect of action observation therapy based on virtual reality technology on dysphagia after stroke. Methods: Forty-two stroke patients with dysphagia were randomly assigned to an observational group (n=22) or a control group (n=20). Both groups received routine dysphagia rehabilitation. The observational group also received action observation therapy in virtual reality equipment. Standardized Swallowing Assessment (SSA), chronological parameters of swallowing and Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS) were used to assess functional changes before and after treatment. Results: After 4 weeks of treatment, the oral transit time, swallow reaction time, pharyngeal transit time and laryngeal closure time of both groups were significantly shortened (P<0.05); except for laryngeal closure time, other chronological parameters of swallowing (oral transit time, swallow reaction time, pharyngeal transit time) in the observational group were significantly shortened as compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). After the treatment, the scores of SSA and PAS in both groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), more significantly in the observational group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The action observation therapy based on virtual reality technology can improve the swallowing function of patients with dysphagia after stroke.