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Intentional paediatric poisoning presentations to emergency departments during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:Jennifer Gatenby BMedSci  MChD   DCH  Gary KK Low MBBS  MPH   PhD  Muhammad A Rahman MBBS  MPH   CertGTC  GCHECTL   PhD  Mark Salter BSc/BCom  MBBS    FACEM  PGDipMedTox  Habib Bhurawala MBBS  MD   DCH  AFRACMA   FRACP
Affiliation:1. Department of Paediatrics, Blue Mountains Hospital, Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;2. Research Operations, Nepean Hospital, Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Professional Unit, The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;3. Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;4. Department of Emergency Medicine, Nepean Hospital, Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;5. Department of Paediatrics, Nepean Hospital, Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Abstract:

Objective

To characterise paediatric poisoning presentations to EDs and determine if the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased intentional paediatric poisoning presentations.

Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of paediatric poisoning presentations to three EDs (two regional and one metropolitan). Simple and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the association between COVID-19 and intentional poisoning events. In addition, we calculated the frequency with which patients reported various psychosocial risk factors as being an implicating factor in engaging in an intentional poisoning event.

Results

A total of 860 poisoning events met inclusion criteria during the study period (January 2018–October 2021), with 501 being intentional, and 359 unintentional. There was an increased proportion of intentional poisoning presentations during the COVID-19 pandemic (261 intentional and 218 unintentional in the pre-COVID-19 period vs 241 intentional and 140 unintentional during the COVID-19 period). In addition, we found a statistically significant association between intentional poisoning presentations and an initial COVID-19 lockdown (adjusted odds ratio 26.32, P < 0.05). ‘The COVID-19 lockdown’ or ‘COVID-19’ was reported to be implicating factor for psychological stress in patients who presented with intentional poisonings during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusions

Intentional paediatric poisoning presentations increased during the COVID-19 pandemic in our study population. These results may support an emerging body of evidence that the psychological strain of COVID-19 disproportionately impacts adolescent females.
Keywords:COVID-19  intentional  paediatric  pandemic  poisoning
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