解除颈动脉狭窄治疗轻度认知功能障碍的实验研究

目的:探讨不同程度颈动脉狭窄后能否导致认知功能障碍,解除颈动脉狭窄是否能减轻轻度认知功能障碍并与药物治疗进行比较。方法:62只SD大鼠制作不同程度的颈动脉狭窄模型,分别给予不同的治疗措施,4周后进行水迷宫行为学评价和事件相关电位P300检测,同时对各组颈动脉管腔横截面积狭窄率进行比较。结果:颈动脉狭窄组P300潜伏期、水迷宫实验潜伏期较假手术组显著延长(P<0·01)。狭窄解除4周后,狭窄解除组颈动脉管腔横截面积狭窄率显著低于相应狭窄对照组(P<0·01),P300潜伏期和水迷宫实验潜伏期也显著缩短(P<0·01)。重度狭窄解除组认识功能改善明显优于药物治疗组(P<0·01)。结论:颈动脉狭窄可导致认知功能障碍,解除颈动脉狭窄对轻度认知功能障碍有显著的治疗作用,且对重度狭窄的治疗作用优于药物治疗。

Removing Carotid Stenosis for Mild Cognitive Impairment An Experimental Study

Objective: To explore if different degrees of carotid stenosis result in cognitive impairment and if it has the therapeutic effect on mild cognitive impairment after removing carotid stenosis and to compare them with the medication. Methods: Sixty-two SD rats were prepared for varying degrees of carotid stenosis models, and they were treated with different therapeutic measures respectively. The behavior of rats was tested by Morris water maze and the event-related potential, P300, was investigated 4 weeks later. At the same time, the stenotic rates of the cross section areas of the carotid artery were compared in all groups. Results: The P300 latency and the latency of water maze test in carotid stenosis group were significantly longer than those in sham-operated group (P<0.01); 4 weeks after the carotid stenosis was removed, the stenotic rate of the cross section areas of the carotid artery in stenosis removing group was significantly lower than that in relevant stenosis control group (P<0.01). The P300 latency and the latency of water maze test were also shortened significantly (P<0.01). The improvement of cognitive function in severe stenosis removing group was remarkably superior to that in medication group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Carotid artery stenosis may result in cognitive impairment. The removing of carotid stenosis has significant therapeutic effect on mild cognitive impairment, and the effect of treatment on the severe stenosis is superior to medication.